Improvement of oral function and its impact on oral food intake in subacute stroke patients: A prospective study with dental intervention.

Background: The association between oral food intake and oral function during the subacute stage of stroke is not well known.

Objective: To investigate (1) oral function changes in subacute stroke patients and (2) association between oral function and oral intake status at several time points.

Methods: In a prospective study involving 324 stroke patients at a convalescent rehabilitation unit, four oral function parameters (maximum tongue pressure, MTP; lip-tongue motor function, LTMF; maximum occlusal force, MOF and oral health assessment tool, OHAT) were quantitatively measured upon admission (T0), at 1 month (T1) and 2 months (T2).

Location of the upper oesophageal sphincter during swallowing: Analysis using swallowing CT.

Background: Upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) serves as an important anatomical and functional landmark during swallowing. However, the precise UES location before and during swallowing has not been well established.

Objective: This study aimed to determine upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) location and displacement during swallowing accounting for sex, age, and height in healthy adults using 320-row area detector computed tomography (320-ADCT).

Functional outcomes of protocol-based rehabilitation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in an acute care setting.

Objectives: To examine the functional outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who underwent a new protocol-based rehabilitation program.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled patients who were hospitalised in a university hospital in Japan because of COVID-19 from 1 September, 2020-5 July, 2021. The primary outcome was the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) subtotal score for motor items at discharge.

Incidents and Sudden Patient Deteriorations Occurring During Their Rehabilitation Sessions in an Acute Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of incidents and sudden deteriorations during rehabilitation in an acute care setting by disease category based on the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University hospital in Japan with 1376 beds.

Effect of the Effortful Swallow on Pharyngeal Cavity Volume: Kinematic Analysis in Three Dimensions Using 320-Row Area Detector Computed Tomography.

This study evaluated the effects of the effortful swallow (ES) on pharyngeal cavity volume using three-dimensional kinematic analyses. Nine healthy volunteers (30.7 ± 7.

REHABILITATION OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION RECEIVING HAEMODIALYSIS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY.

Objective: To compare the functional outcomes of patients with lower limb amputations receiving haemodialysis and those not receiving haemodialysis.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Patients: Patients with lower limb amputation who were admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward between January 2018 and December 2021.

Rehabilitation of a Patient with COVID-19 Who Underwent Right Transfemoral Amputation Due to Acute Limb Ischemia: A Case Report.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic complications. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of clinical knowledge regarding rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19 after lower-limb amputation.

Case: A 74-year-old woman with COVID-19 was admitted to a university hospital.

Effects of head flexion posture in patients with dysphagia.

Background: The chin-down posture is often used as a compensatory manoeuvre for patients with dysphagia. This posture presumably involves flexion of the head and/or neck, but this is not clearly defined.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of head flexion posture in a retrospective study of videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing (VF).

Thin Liquid Bolus Volume Alters Pharyngeal Swallowing: Kinematic Analysis Using 3D Dynamic CT.

The previous studies reported that different volumes of thick liquid had an impact on spatiotemporal characteristics and pharyngeal response of swallowing. However, the bolus flow and swallowing motion pattern were different between thick and thin liquids. The effects of thin bolus volume on pharyngeal swallowing, especially true vocal cord (TVC) closure is still unclear.

Stroke Patients with Nearly Independent Transfer Ability are at High Risk of Falling.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between patients' transfer ability and fall risk in stroke patients during hospitalization.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 237 stroke patients who were transferred to a convalescent rehabilitation ward from acute wards in the same hospital. Using incident reports, we investigated their fall rates and activity status at the falls according to their transfer abilities, which were assessed with Functional Independence Measure (FIM) transfer scores.

Effect of electromyography-triggered peripheral magnetic stimulation on voluntary swallow in healthy humans.

Background: Electrical stimulation therapy is effective for patients with dysphagia. However, because of the pain, strong stimulation cannot be applied. Although magnetic stimulation induces less pain, there are no reports on magnetic stimulation being synchronised with a swallowing reflex.

Association between oral health status and oral food intake level in subacute stroke patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation unit.

Background: Stroke patients often suffer from dysphagia during their recovery. We hypothesised that subacute stroke patients with dysphagia had more deteriorated oral health status including muscle strength and motor function.

Objective: Quantitatively investigate oral health status and identify associations with oral feeding status in stroke patients admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation unit.

Clinical Manifestation, Evaluation, and Rehabilitative Strategy of Dysphagia Associated With COVID-19.

Dysphagia is the difficulty in swallowing because of the presence of certain diseases; it particularly compromises the oral and/or pharyngeal stages. In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, neuromuscular complications, prolonged bed rest, and endotracheal intubation target different levels of the swallowing network. Thus, critically ill patients are prone to dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia.

The effect of reclining position on swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia.

Background: Dysphagia is a common problem in patients with a history of stroke. In Japan, a reclined position is commonly used as a compensatory technique to address this problem.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of reclined position on swallowing function in patients with stroke who had dysphagia.

The prevalence and findings of fibre-optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in hospitalised patients with dysphagia.

Swallowing disorder or dysphagia is quite common in hospitalised patients. Using fibre-optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is one of the clinical standards for evaluating swallowing disorder to prevent serious consequences such as aspiration pneumonia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the associated risk of dysphagia in hospitalised patients by using FEES finding.

Effect of Laryngeal Suspension and Upper Esophageal Sphincter Myotomy for Severe Dysphagia Due to Brainstem Disease.

Objectives: Surgical procedure is considered in patients with severe dysphagia when conservative treatment fails. This study aimed to evaluate laryngeal suspension (LS) and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) myotomy for treating severe dysphagia due to brain disease.

Methods: Fourteen patients underwent LS and UES myotomy, with a median follow-up of 5 years and 6 months when conservative treatment failed.

Effects of bolus consistency and reclining position on kinematic swallowing events in analysis using 320-row area detector computed tomography.

This study used 320-row area detector computed tomography (320-ADCT) to determine whether kinematic swallowing events and bolus movement through the oropharynx are affected by bolus consistency and angle of recline. Fourteen healthy adults (4 men, 10 women; age, 22-90 years) underwent 320-ADCT assessment during three 10-mL barium swallow tests, with honey-thick liquid at 60° recline (60°thick), thin liquid at 60° recline (60°thin), and thin liquid at 45° recline (45°thin). The times of swallowing events were measured and compared among the different tests.

Positional effects of head and/or neck flexion as chin-down posture in normal subjects.

Objective: The "chin-down" posture involves tucking the chin to the neck. However, clinicians and researchers have their own forms of the chin-down posture: some consider it to be head and neck flexion, whereas others consider it to be head flexion alone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of head, neck and combined head-and-neck flexion postures separately.