Combined molecular and morphological data for improving phylogenetic hypothesis in Dacrymycetes.

We analyzed the DNA sequences of four gene regions, 28S and 18S rDNA, the ITS region and rpb2, to obtain a high resolution phylogenetic tree of Dacrymycetes. In addition, we comparatively studied micro- and macromorphological characteristics of representative species. The traditional generic classification based on morphological characteristics was not reflected by our molecular phylogenies.

Thysanophora penicillioides includes multiple genetically diverged groups that coexist respectively in Abies mariesii forests in Japan.

We investigated intraspecific diversity and genetic structures of a saprotrophic fungus--Thysanophora penicillioides--based on sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) in 15 discontinuous Abies mariesii forests of Japan. In such a well-defined morphological species, numerous unexpected ITS variations were revealed: 12 ITS sequence types detected in 254 isolates collected from 15 local populations were classified into five ITS sequence groups. Maximally, four ITS groups consisted of seven ITS types coexisting in one population.

Two novel kickxellalean fungi, Mycoëmilia scoparia gen. sp. nov. and Ramicandelaber brevisporus sp. nov.

Mycoëmilia scoparia gen. sp. nov.

Paeciloxazine, a novel nematicidal antibiotic from Paecilomyces sp.

A novel nematicidal antibiotic, paeciloxazine has been isolated from the culture broth of a fungus Paecilomyces BAUA3058 strain. This compound, whose structure was determined by spectroscopic methods, has a pyrrolobenzoxazine skeleton. Paeciloxazine has moderate cidal activity against Rhabditis pseudoelongata and is weakly active against some insects.