[Port Site Recurrence After Laparoscopic Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma --Report of Two Cases and Literature review-].

Case 1: A male in his 60s underwent a right transperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy procedure for a right renal tumor. Rupture of a renal cyst located close to the tumor occurred intraoperatively. The histopathological diagnosis was clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), pT1aN0M0, G2, v0, with negative resection margins.

Predictive factors for efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for late-onset hypogonadism in Japanese men: a preliminary report.

Although testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the first-choice method used worldwide for late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), clinical benefits are not seen in all cases. This study was conducted to determine the predictors of TRT efficacy for LOH. Fifty-six patients who visited our Men's Health Clinic (Kawanishi City Medical Center, Kawanishi and Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan) between November 2003 and June 2021 with data available before and after TRT were enrolled.

[A Case of Giant Multilocular Prostatic Cystadenoma Resected by Laparoscopic Pelvic Cystectomy : A Case Report].

A 60-year-old man visited our hospital to treat a large cystic mass in the pelvis which had been found by abdominal ultrasonography in December 201X. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a multilocular cyst with a maximum diameter of about 10 cm. CT-guided drainage and sclerotherapy with minocycline reduced the size of tumor by 40%, but symptoms such as difficulty of defecation and urinary frequency appeared a year and a half later due to re-enlargement of the cysts.

Discontinuation of pembrolizumab for advanced urothelial carcinoma without disease progression: Nationwide cohort study.

Pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed death 1 monoclonal antibody, has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, the optimal treatment duration for treatment responders has not been established. To address this, we retrospectively assess the treatment outcomes and duration of pembrolizumab for patients whose best response was complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) in a Japanese nationwide cohort of platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Pre-pembrolizumab neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts the efficacy of second-line pembrolizumab treatment in urothelial cancer regardless of the pre-chemo NLR.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was reported to be associated with prognosis of urothelial cancer (UC) patients receiving systemic chemotherapy or immunotherapy. However, it has not been elucidated how preceding first-line chemotherapy affects NLR and subsequent second-line pembrolizumab treatment. This multicenter study analyzed 458 patients with metastatic UC who received first-line chemotherapy and second-line pembrolizumab with regard to pre-chemotherapy and pre-pembrolizumab NLR in association with the efficacy of chemotherapy and pembrolizumab treatment.

Assessment of the viability and treatment response of bone metastases in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer using choline PET/CT.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical use of choline-PET/CT for discriminating viable progressive osteoblastic bone metastasis from benign osteoblastic change induced by the treatment effect and evaluating the response of bone metastasis to treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Thirty patients with mCRPC underwent a total of 56 11C-choline-PET/CT scans for restaging, because 4 patients received 1 scan and 26 had 2 scans. Using 2 (pre- and post-treatment) 11C-choline-PET/CT examinations per patient, treatment response was assessed according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria in 20 situations, in which only bony metastases were observed on 11C-choline-PET/CT scans.

Accurate Monitoring of the Response of Bone Metastases to Treatment in Patients with Prostate Cancer Using Choline PET/CT.

We here report 2 cases of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) observed two times on C-choline positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT), which was useful to discriminate viable progressive osteoblastic bone metastasis from benign osteoblastic change induced by the treatment effect and to determine the viability of bone metastases, regardless of whether sclerosis was present or not. Because one case demonstrated disappearance of abnormal C-choline uptake of osteoblastic metastatic lesions after abiraterone therapy and no new lesions at other sites, suggesting nonviable bone metastases, we can assume a complete metabolic response. Because the other case demonstrated a decrease in the existing, abnormal C-choline uptake of osteoblastic metastatic lesions, but multiple new appearances of osteoblastic and nonosteoblastic lesions with abnormal C-choline uptake after radium-223 therapy suggesting multiple viable bone metastases, we can assume progressive metabolic disease.

Metastasis-Directed Radiotherapy for Oligoprogressive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Recurrence Revealed by Choline PET/CT.

We report a 49-year-old male with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with oligometastasis diagnosed by C-choline positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) and treated with target radiotherapy. In the diagnosis of CRPC (serum prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level of 6.53 ng/mL after maximum androgen blockade (MAB) therapy, high-dose brachytherapy, and external beam radiotherapy), C-choline PET/CT detected one tiny obturator lymph node metastasis which fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT could not detect.

[A case of Endocrine Active Retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma, Difficult to Differentiate From Adrenal Pheochromocytoma].

A 66-year-old woman who had been receiving medication for hypertension and hyperlipidemia was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a left adrenal tumor (12×8 mm) that was incidentally detected on computed tomography. Her 24-hour urinary catecholamine level was elevated, and metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy revealed increased uptake in the area around the left adrenal gland, necessitating laparoscopic adrenalectomy for preoperative diagnosis of left adrenal pheochromocytoma. Intraoperatively, we detected a para-aortic tumor behind the adrenal gland, and this lesion was excised together with the adrenal gland.

[PRIMARY SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE: A CASE REPORT].

SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA, prostate carcinoma, The patient was a 67-year-old man who visited our hospital with urge incontinence. His serum prostatic specific antigen level was normal (1.191 ng/mL).

[Clinical Study of Testicular Fasciotomy for Testicular Torsion].

Between November 2011 and November 2014, we performed a tunica albuginea incision with tunica vaginalis flap coverage (TAI＋TVFC) on 5 out of 15 patients who underwent surgery for testicular torsion. Of those 15 patients, 7 underwent orchidopexy alone (Group A), 5 underwent TAI＋TVFC (Group B), and 3 underwent an orchidectomy procedure (Group C). All were followed for 1 year and preservation of testicular volume ＞50% on the contralateral side in ultrasound measurements was considered as salvaged.

[A Case of Retroperitoneal Serous Cyst Treated by Open Fenestration : A Case Report].

A 47-year-old woman came to our hospital with left lower abdominal pain in April 2013. An abdominal computed tomographic (CT) examination revealed left hydronephrosis secondary to a 7 cm retroperitoneal cyst near the left common iliac artery and ureter. Serum tumor markers including CEA, CA19-9, and CA125 were negative.

[The safety and efficacy of sunitinib using a modified regimen (2 weeks on/1 week off) for treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma].

We prospectively investigated the safety and efficacy of sunitinib using a modified regimen (2 weeks on/1 week off) in 24 patients (22 males, 2 females ; age range 39-86 years, median 64 years) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). During the observation period (3-62 weeks, median 21 weeks), thrombocytopenia was seen in 13 (54.2%), leukopenia in 11 (45.