Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Honeycomb-Like Growth: Clinicopathological Characteristics and Diagnostic Significance as a Novel Variant.

Introduction: We aimed to clarify the clinical and pathological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with unique honeycomb-like growth (HLG) and discuss its diagnostic significance.

Methods: Among the 12,745 PTCs that were resected and histologically diagnosed, 28 PTC cases with HLG components (0.2%) were included.

B-cell to T-cell ratio as a novel indicator in flow cytometry in the diagnosis of thyroid lymphoma.

Preoperative flow cytometry is recommended to prove the monoclonality and confirm the diagnosis of thyroid lymphoma. However, lymphoma cases without light chain restriction may also have monoclonality. The aim of our study was to identify a novel marker for thyroid lymphomas using aspirated materials for flow cytometry.

Clinical significance and cytological detection of tracheal puncture following thyroid fine-needle aspiration: A retrospective study.

Background: There have been no detailed reports on tracheal puncture after thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA). This study aimed to discuss the cytological differential diagnoses of tracheal puncture after thyroid FNA and clarify its clinical significance.

Methods: Tracheal puncture was defined as aspiration of tracheal components, including ciliated cells, chondrocytes, and goblet cells.

Evaluation of E-Cadherin and β-Catenin Immunoreactivity for Determining Undifferentiated Cells in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma.

Introduction: An immunohistochemical study has occasionally been performed to diagnose anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). However, antibodies to confirm the undifferentiated nature of ATC have not yet been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate E-cadherin and β-catenin expressions in immunoreactivity to determine undifferentiated carcinoma cells in the diagnosis of ATC.

Potential role of mobile rapid on-site evaluation in thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology to reduce delayed repeated aspiration.

Rapid on-site evaluation of fine-needle aspiration cytology is time-consuming and requires specialized cytopathology staff. Mobile Rose is a newly developed device for rapid on-site evaluation of fine-needle aspiration cytology. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of Mobile Rose in reducing delayed repeated aspiration of the thyroid.

Histological alterations following fine-needle aspiration for parathyroid adenoma: Incidence and diagnostic problems.

This study aimed to clarify the histological alterations following fine-needle aspiration for parathyroid adenoma and discuss the occurrence of diagnostic problems. Among the 392 patients with parathyroid adenoma who underwent resection, fine-needle aspiration was performed for 21 (5.1%) parathyroid adenoma nodules.

The Japanese reporting system for thyroid aspiration cytology 2019 (JRSTAC2019).

We introduce the Japanese reporting system for thyroid aspiration cytology 2019 (JRSTAC2019) proposed by the Japan Association of Endocrine Surgery and the Japanese Society of Thyroid Pathology. Pathological classification and recommended clinical management for thyroid nodules in Japan are different from those described in the World Health Organization classification or the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). Therefore, it was necessary to develop a reporting system adapted for Japan.

Fine-needle aspiration of parathyroid adenomas: Indications as a diagnostic approach.

Background: We aimed to determine the indication of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) for parathyroid adenoma (PA)-suspected nodules and the cytological features of PA, and to discuss the ancillary techniques for diagnostic confirmation.

Method: Clinical, cytological, and histological examinations of 15 PA patients (4.0% of all PA resected patients) were conducted through FNA on 16 nodules.

Prevalence and diagnostic significance of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features among tumors previously diagnosed as follicular adenoma: a single-institutional study in Japan.

The incidence of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is significantly lower in Asian countries than Western countries; however, the difference remains unexplained. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of NIFTP in tumors diagnosed as follicular adenoma (FA) in a Japanese institution and discuss the significance of NIFTP. In this study, 44 tumors were investigated, which were histologically diagnosed as FA at the Kuma Hospital in 2008.

Clinicopathological features of primary thyroid Burkitt's lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Primary thyroid Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is an extremely rare and highly aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; only isolated case reports are available for patients with this disease.

Methods: We analyzed the clinicopathological features of thyroid BL by conducting a meta-analysis of 21 known patients (including ours) and compared them to those of extrathyroidal BL.

Results: There were 13 men and 8 women with a median age of 39.

Risk of malignancy and clinical outcomes of cyst fluid only nodules in the thyroid based on ultrasound and aspiration cytology.

Background: The number of extensive studies focusing on cyst fluid only (CFO) thyroid nodules is limited, and the risk of malignancy (ROM) in CFO nodules has not been well-established. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate CFO nodules using cytology and ultrasound. In addition, we sought to define the ROM and determine the recommended clinical management of CFO nodules.

Flow cytometric, gene rearrangement, and karyotypic analyses of 110 cases of primary thyroid lymphoma: a single-institutional experience in Japan.

Ancillary studies for primary nodal lymphomas have been well documented; however, studies of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) are limited. Here, we aimed to clarify the clinicopathological, flow cytometric, gene rearrangement, and karyotypic characteristics of PTL by investigation of a large series at a single institute. We performed flow cytometric, IgH rearrangement, and karyotypic analyses of 110 PTL tissues surgically resected at Kuma Hospital between January 2012 and April 2017.

Diagnostic clues indicating tall cell variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma in fine needle aspiration.

Background: The definition of tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (TCV-PTC) depends on the articles, and the defined cytological findings characteristic of TCV-PTC have not yet been fully analyzed. This study aimed to establish the cytological characteristics of TCV-PTC.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the smears of 19 TCV-PTC and 50 conventional PTC (C-PTC) cases.

Optimal needle size for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology.

Concerning the needle size for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), 25-27-gauge needles are generally used in Western countries. However, in Japan, the use of larger needles (21-22-gauge needles) is common. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal needle size for thyroid FNAC.

Impact of the modification of the diagnostic criteria in the 2017 Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: a report of a single institution in Japan.

The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology has recently been revised in 2017 (TBSRTC 2017). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of modifying the diagnostic criteria in TBSRTC 2017 at a single institute. We retrospectively reviewed cytological specimens of 10,399 thyroid nodules submitted for thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Utility of monoclonal PAX8 antibody for distinguishing intrathyroid thymic carcinoma from follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma.

Follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas, including thyroid squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and anaplastic carcinomas, are immunoreactive for paired-box gene 8 (PAX8), while non-follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas stain negative for the PAX8 antibody. Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma (ITTC) arising from the intrathyroidal ectopic thymus exhibits moderate-to-strong nuclear reactivity for polyclonal PAX8. This is difficult to understand given that PAX8 is not associated with embryonic thymic development.

Identification of Cytological Features Distinguishing Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma from Reactive Lymphoid Proliferation Using Thyroid Liquid-Based Cytology.

Objective: To identify cytological differences between mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT-L) and nonneoplastic lymphocytes using thyroid liquid-based cytology (LBC).

Study Design: We observed LBC and conventional specimens from 35 MALT-L cases, 3 diffuse large B-cell cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases, and 44 prominent nonneoplastic lymphocytic infiltration cases.

Results: In MALT-L cases, the incidence of lymphoglandular bodies in the LBC specimens was lower than that in the conventional specimens (p < 0.

Derivation of thyroid lymphoepithelial cysts from follicular cells.

The pathogenesis of thyroid lymphoepithelial cysts is controversial, and two hypotheses have been proposed, namely derivation from branchial-derived remnants or from squamous metaplasia of the follicular cells. The aim of this study was to clarify the pathogenesis of thyroid lymphoepithelial cysts. We performed pathological and immunohistochemical examination of 21 thyroid lymphoepithelial cysts, 13 non-neoplastic squamous metaplasia samples without thyroid carcinoma, 13 solid cell nests, and 14 lateral cervical cysts.

Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features: a single-institutional experience in Japan.

Noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was reclassified as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). To date, no studies on NIFTP have been reported in Japan. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, cytological, and pathological findings of 54 cases of NIFTP from a single center in Japan, and compare them with those in the western countries.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology for medullary thyroid carcinoma: a single institutional experience in Japan.

Many cytological studies on medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) have been reported; however, such studies in large series of patients with MTC have not been performed. We investigated MTC at a single institution in Japan using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and aimed to establish a preoperative diagnostic algorithm for MTC. FNAC was performed in 119 of 149 patients with MTC (79.

Cytoplasmic Lipid Accumulation Characteristic of the Cribriform Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the diagnostic significance of cytoplasmic lipid accumulation (CLIA) in the cribriform variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CV-PTC).

Methods: We performed a histological, immunohistochemical, and cytological examination of 35 CV-PTC cases at the Kuma Hospital. CLIA was defined as bubble-like multivacuolation in cytoplasm with distinct cell border.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma with desmoid-type fibromatosis: A clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical study of 14 cases.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) is characterized by genetic alterations of the fibroblasts. PTC-DTF is extremely rare, and the reports on such cases have been sporadic. Immunohistochemical staining using the antibody for beta-catenin is useful in diagnosing the variant.

Reappraisal of "cyst fluid only" on thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology.

According to the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC), cyst fluid only (CFO) cases are classified in the non-diagnostic category. To date, no large study focusing on CFO has been conducted. To reassess the diagnostic significance of CFO, we compared CFO nodules with non-diagnostic nodules excluding CFO (ND-other).

Differentiating between benign follicular nodules and follicular neoplasms in thyroid liquid-based cytology preparations.

Background: The cytological morphology observed in liquid-based cytology (LBC) preparations is dissimilar to that of conventional preparations. The aim of this report is to clarify the cytological differences between benign follicular nodules (BFNs) and follicular neoplasms (FNs) in LBC preparations and identify novel diagnostic criteria for LBC preparations.

Methods: A retrospective review of LBC preparations from 38 BFN and 74 FN (57 follicular adenomas and 17 follicular carcinomas) cases confirmed by histological examination was conducted.

Diagnostic value of GATA-3 in cytological identification of parathyroid tissues.

Parathyroid and thyroid lesions appear morphologically similar in cytological smears, and their differentiation can be difficult. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of T-cell-specific transcription factor GATA-3 as a marker of parathyroid differentiation in cytology specimens, and to examine the utility of liquid-based cytology (LBC). Cytology smears obtained from surgically removed parathyroid and thyroid specimens, including 15 normal parathyroid glands, 12 cases of parathyroid hyperplasia, 55 parathyroid adenomas, 2 follicular thyroid adenomas, and 3 papillary thyroid carcinomas, were examined by immunocytochemistry using antibodies against GATA-3, parathyroid hormone (PTH), chromogranin A, and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1).