Effect of Rho Kinase Inhibitor Ripasudil (K-115) on Isolated Porcine Retinal Arterioles.

To investigate the vasorelaxation effect of ripasudil (K-115), a novel Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, on isolated retinal arterioles. We determined whether the actions of ripasudil on the retinal microvascular diameter were dependent on the endothelium and/or potassium channels in the smooth muscle, with the goals of uncovering the signaling mechanisms required for this vasomotor activity and inhibiting the action of endothelin-1 (ET-1). In this study, we isolated porcine retinal arterioles, which were cannulated and pressurized without flow.

Longitudinal Changes in Retinal Blood Flow in a Feline Retinal Vein Occlusion Model as Measured by Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: We aimed to observe longitudinal changes in retinal blood flow (RBF) and structural transformations in capillaries using Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in a feline retinal blood occlusion (RVO) model.

Methods: RVO was induced by argon green laser photocoagulation (PC) in six eyes of six cats. RBF was measured at a first-order retinal artery and vein by a DOCT flowmeter, and structural changes in the capillaries around the occluded vessels (12 × 12 and 3 × 3 mm) were assessed by OCTA before (at baseline); immediately after PC; and on days 1, 4, 7, and 14 thereafter.

A low meat diet increases the risk of open-angle glaucoma in women-The results of population-based, cross-sectional study in Japan.

Background: Studies identifying modifiable lifestyle risk factors related to open-angle glaucoma (OAG) are limited, especially from Asian countries. This study aimed to identify lifestyle risk factors for OAG in a Japanese population.

Methods And Findings: This population-based, cross-sectional study recruited Japanese participants aged 40 years or older from January 2013 to March 2015.

Glial Endothelin-1 Regulates Retinal Blood Flow During Hyperoxia in Cats.

Purpose: To investigate the role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in retinal glial cells in regulating retinal blood flow (RBF) during hyperoxia in cats.

Methods: We measured the vessel diameter (D), blood velocity (V), and blood flow (F) simultaneously in first-order retinal arterioles using a laser Doppler velocimetry system. The animals were under general anesthesia during hyperoxia (100% oxygen) for 10 minutes 24 hours after intravitreal injection of L-2-aminoadipic acid (LAA), a gliotoxic compound, or diluted hydrochloric acid (0.

Evaluation of Retinal Circulation Using Segmental-Scanning Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography in Anesthetized Cats.

Purpose: To study retinal blood flow (RBF) measurement reproducibility using segmental-scanning Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) in vitro in glass capillaries and in vivo in anesthetized cats.

Methods: As a preliminary study, the flow rates of human blood through glass capillaries were changed by using an infusion pump and measured at 13 preset velocities by DOCT. For in vivo measurement, the cats were anesthetized using sevoflurane.

Effect of intravitreal Rho kinase inhibitor ripasudil (K-115) on feline retinal microcirculation.

Ripasudil (K-115) is a novel Rho kinase inhibitor with a potent intraocular pressure-lowering effect. However, it is unclear whether ripasudil affects the retinal blood flow (RBF). We investigated the effect of ripasudil on feline retinal microcirculation.

Autologous Transplantation of a Free Tenon's Graft for Repairing Excessive Bleb Leakage after Trabeculectomy: A Case Report.

Purpose: To report a case of autologous transplantation of a free Tenon's graft to repair excessive bleb leakage after trabeculectomy.

Case Report: A 39-year-old Japanese woman presented with severe hypotony in her left eye. She had undergone trabeculectomy with mitomycin C 14 years ago.

Combined Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant surgery and surgical bleb revision for preventing a postoperative hypertensive phase.

Background: In patients with severe optic nerve damage, it is crucial to prevent the hypertensive phase that can develop after Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant (BGI) surgery. We describe the combination of BGI surgery with surgical bleb revision to prevent the postoperative hypertensive phase.

Case Reports: We report two patients who underwent BGI surgery combined with surgical bleb revision.

Patency of small laser iridotomy evaluated using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography.

We report the case of a patient with recurrent acute angle-closure glaucoma who had undergone a previous laser iridotomy. Because the initial iridotomy was small, patency could not be determined by slit-lamp examination. Therefore, anterior-segment optical coherence tomography was used to evaluate the patency.

Autoregulation of retinal blood flow in response to decreased ocular perfusion pressure in cats: comparison of the effects of increased intraocular pressure and systemic hypotension.

Purpose: To investigate the regulatory mechanisms responsible for autoregulation of retinal blood flow (RBF) during periods of decreased ocular perfusion pressure (OPP).

Methods: The effects of acute reductions in OPP on RBF were assessed using laser Doppler velocimetry in cats. The OPP decreased from 90 to 40 mm Hg by increasing the IOP (elevated IOP) or by decreasing the systemic blood pressure via exsanguination (systemic hypotension).

Impaired systemic vascular endothelial function in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To evaluate systemic endothelial function in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with BRVO (BRVO group, 8 men, 19 women; mean age, 65.4 ± 1.

Retinal arteriolar responses to acute severe elevation in systemic blood pressure in cats: role of endothelium-derived factors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of endothelium-derived factors in the retinal arteriolar responses to acute severe elevation in systemic blood pressure (BP) in cats. Acute elevation of mean arterial BP by 60% for 5 min was achieved by inflating a balloon-tipped catheter in the descending aorta. The retinal arteriolar diameter, flow velocity, wall shear rate (WSR) and blood flow (RBF) changes during BP elevation were assessed with laser Doppler velocimetry 2 h after intravitreal injections of nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor l-NAME, cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, endothelin-1 receptor antagonists (BQ-123 for type A and BQ-788 for type B), or Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil.