Impact of Gemcitabine Plus S1 Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Borderline Resectable Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Surgical resection is the only curative strategy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC), but recurrence rates are high even after purported curative resection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine/S-1 (GS) combination chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting.

Methods: In an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with GS, repeated every 21 days, was administered for three cycles to patients with histologic or cytologically confirmed borderline resectable (BR) PHC who were eligible for inclusion in the study.

Efficacy of prolonged elemental diet therapy after pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A pilot prospective randomized trial (UMIN000004108).

Backgrounds And Aims: This randomized clinical trial examined efficacy of prolonged elemental diet (ED) therapy after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which often causes postoperative malnutrition leading to worsened short- and long-term outcomes.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with PDAC receiving PD was randomly assigned to prolonged ED group (PEDG) and control group (CG). Fat-free ED (Elental®, EA Pharma CO.

A Simple and Easily Reproducible Model of Reversible Obstructive Jaundice in Rats.

Background/aim: Cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma are major malignancies that cause obstructive jaundice (OJ). This study aimed to develop a simple and easily reproducible rat model of reversible OJ (ROJ).

Materials And Methods: OJ was induced by clamping the common bile duct (CBD) using a U-shaped titanium hemoclip and its base was attached by ligation using 2-cm long 4-0 polypropylene suture.

Our Rationale of Initiating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: A Proposal of Criteria for "Borderline Resectable" in the Field of Surgery for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: The concept of "borderline resectable" was recently introduced to the field of surgery for pancreatic cancer, and surgical outcomes for this disease with extremely dismal prognosis have improved since the introduction of this concept. However, no such concept has yet been introduced to the field of surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCca).

Aim: To determine a definition and criteria for "borderline resectable" in the field of surgery for HCca.

Single-institution experience with gemcitabine-cisplatin combination therapy as a second-line treatment for patients with unresectable biliary tract cancer after failure of gemcitabine-S-1 combination therapy: a prospective feasibility study.

Background: NCCN and Japanese clinical guidelines for the treatment of biliary tract cancer (BTC) addressed gemcitabine-cisplatin combination (GC) as first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced BTC ineligible for surgery in 2013. However, gemcitabine-S1 combination therapy (GS) has been widely used as first-line treatment in Japan because Japanese social insurance coverage of S-1 for BTC was approved prior to that of cisplatin.

Aim: To elucidate the efficacy and tolerability of GC as second-line chemotherapy for patients with unresectable BTC after failure of GS.