Sociodemographic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of People Receiving Inadequate Prenatal Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: This study sought to describe the incidence inadequate prenatal care (IPNC) at an urban level II hospital in Hamilton, Ontario, and to compare the characteristics and outcomes of mothers who received IPNC and their newborns with those who received adequate prenatal care (APNC). This study is the first part of a mixed-methods research program aimed at informing the development of an interdisciplinary, patient-centred, prenatal care program for people who struggle to access conventional modes of care.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared mothers and neonates born at St.

Challenges to achieving and maintaining viral suppression among children living with HIV.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the time to, and durability of, viral suppression, among Canadian children living with HIV after initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Design: Prospective, multicenter Canadian cohort study (Early Pediatric Initiation Canada Child Cure Cohort), using both prospective and retrospectively collected data.

Methods: Kaplan-Meir survival estimates with Cox regression were used to determine the time to and risk factors for viral suppression, defined as two consecutive undetectable viral loads (<50 copies/ml) at least 30 days apart after initiation of cART.

Physiological adjustment to postnatal growth trajectories in healthy preterm infants.

Background: International guidelines suggest that growth of preterm infants should match intrauterine rates. However, the trajectory for extrauterine growth may deviate from the birth percentile due to an irreversible, physiological loss of extracellular fluid during postnatal adaptation to extrauterine conditions. To which "new" physiological growth trajectory preterm infants should adjust to after completed postnatal adaptation is unknown.

Factors responsible for mother-to-child HIV transmission in Ontario, Canada, 1996-2008.

Objective: Despite a high uptake of HIV screening and anti-retroviral prophylaxis in Ontario, several cases of mother-to-child (MTC) transmission occur every year. We wished to examine the modifiable factors responsible for MTC HIV transmission in Ontario, in particular HIV testing, antiretroviral prophylaxis and breast-feeding.

Methods: Using the Ontario data from the Canadian Perinatal HIV Surveillance Program, we examined potential correlates of late maternal HIV diagnosis (i.

Thyrotoxicosis.

Hyperthyroidism describes the sustained increase in thyroid hormone biosynthesis and secretion by a thyroid gland with increased metabolism. Although the use of radioiodine scanning serves as a useful surrogate that may help characterize the cause of thyrotoxicosis, it only indirectly addresses the underlying physiologic mechanism driving the increase in serum thyroid hormones. In this article, thyrotoxic states are divided into increased or decreased thyroid metabolic function.

Impairment of odor hedonics in men with schizophrenia.

Objective: Olfactory deficits in patients with schizophrenia, including those of odor identification, detection threshold sensitivity, discrimination, and memory, have been well described. Deficits in emotional perception, processing, and experience have also been reported, with anhedonia being one of the core features. While anatomical connections testify to the relationship between olfaction and emotion, there has been little investigation of the hedonic properties of odors in schizophrenia.

This is my story: a descriptive analysis of a peer education HIV/STD risk reduction program for women living in housing developments.

Descriptive, qualitative data was collected from 30 women who participated in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded Perinatal HIV Reduction and Education Demonstration Activities (PHREDA) Project. Women were primarily heterosexual, welfare-dependent, African-American mothers. Staff trained women to conduct HIV/STD education as peer volunteers.

Scleroderma concurrent with culture proven tuberculosis in a Japanese Canadian patient.

We describe a Japanese Canadian woman who presented with scleroderma and tuberculosis. We discuss the possible association between these 2 diseases.

Therapeutic value of colchicine in the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that colchicine is an effective treatment of psoriatic arthritis.

Methods: Twenty five patients with psoriatic arthritis were entered into a two centre, double blind, crossover study of 23 weeks' duration comparing the therapeutic effect of colchicine (0.6-1.

Disseminated zygomycosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

We describe a 36-year-old patient who had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and died of disseminated zygomycosis. There was rapid progression of his SLE, leading to suspicion of superimposed infectious disease, but the actual cause of his multiorgan failure was not recognized until after death. The manner in which systemic fungal infection may mimic SLE is discussed.

Chaotic atrial tachycardia in childhood.

Ten cases of chaotic atrial tachycardia (CAT) in childhood are reported. Patients' ages ranged from 1 day to 18 years (average, 3.5 years) at the time of diagnosis.