SOCS1 deficiency-crossroads of autoimmunity and autoinflammation-two case reports.

Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins play a critical role in regulating immune signaling pathways. Deficiency of SOCS1 leads to various autoimmune pathologies. We present two unrelated patients with distinct clinical manifestations.

Novel genomic features in entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana ILB308: accessory genomic regions and putative virulence genes involved in the infection process of soybean pest Piezodorus guildinii.

Background: Biological control methods involving entomopathogenic fungi like Beauveria bassiana have been shown to be a valuable approach in integrated pest management as an environmentally friendly alternative to control pests and pathogens. Identifying genetic determinants of pathogenicity in B. bassiana is instrumental for enhancing its virulence against insects like the resistant soybean pest Piezodorus guildinii.

Fully Integrated MEMS Micropump and Miniaturized Mass Flow Sensor as Basic Components for a Microdosing System.

Despite major advances in the field of actuator technology for microsystems, miniaturized microfluidic actuation systems for mobile devices are still not common in the market. We present a micropump concept and an associated mass flow sensor design, which, in combination, have the potential to form the basis for an integrated microfluidic development platform for microfluidic systems in general and microdosing systems in particular. The micropump combines the use of active valves with an electrostatic drive principle for the pump membrane and the valves, respectively.

High interobserver variability of PTEN immunohistochemistry defining PTEN status in low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer: results of the first German ring trial.

The prognostication of individual disease trajectory and selection of optimal therapy in patients with localized, low-grade prostate cancer often presents significant difficulty. The phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN) has emerged as a potential novel biomarker in this clinical context, based on its demonstrated prognostic significance in multiple retrospective studies. Incorporation into standard clinical practice necessitates exceptional diagnostic accuracy, and PTEN's binary readout-retention or loss-suggests its suitability as a biomarker.

Radiation exposure and safety in low-dose CT-guided glycerol rhizotomy for trigeminal Neuralgia outside the operating room.

Background: Percutaneous rhizotomy of the Gasserian ganglion is a well-established intervention for patients suffering from refractory trigeminal pain, not amenable to pharmacological management or microvascular decompression. Traditionally conducted under fluoroscopic guidance using Hartel's technique, this study investigates a modified approach employing low-dose CT guidance to achieve maximal procedural precision and safety with the emphasis on minimizing radiation exposure.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing percutaneous rhizotomy of the Gasserian ganglion at our institution was undertaken.

Frequent genetic exchanges revealed by a pan-mitogenome graph of a fungal plant pathogen.

Mitochondria are present in almost all eukaryotic lineages. The mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) evolve separately from nuclear genomes, and they can therefore provide relevant insights into the evolution of their host species. is a major fungal plant pathogen that is assumed to reproduce clonally.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1signaling in macrophages reduces atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysosphingolipid with antiatherogenic properties, but mechanisms underlying its effects remain unclear. We here investigated atherosclerosis development in cholesterol-rich diet-fed LDL receptor-deficient mice with high or low overexpression levels of S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) in macrophages. S1P1-overexpressing macrophages showed increased activity of transcription factors PU.

Pangenome graph analysis reveals extensive effector copy-number variation in spinach downy mildew.

Plant pathogens adapt at speeds that challenge contemporary disease management strategies like the deployment of disease resistance genes. The strong evolutionary pressure to adapt, shapes pathogens' genomes, and comparative genomics has been instrumental in characterizing this process. With the aim to capture genomic variation at high resolution and study the processes contributing to adaptation, we here leverage an innovative, multi-genome method to construct and annotate the first pangenome graph of an oomycete plant pathogen.

ADA2 is a lysosomal deoxyadenosine deaminase acting on DNA involved in regulating TLR9-mediated immune sensing of DNA.

Although adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2) is considered an extracellular ADA, evidence questions the physiological relevance of this activity. Our study reveals that ADA2 localizes within the lysosomes, where it is targeted through modifications of its glycan structures. We show that ADA2 interacts with DNA molecules, altering their sequences by converting deoxyadenosine (dA) to deoxyinosine (dI).

Modular Synthesis of Monoanionic PN Ligands Leads to Unexpected Structural Diversity in Lanthanum Chemistry.

We report a new synthetic entry to a series of -substituted anilidophosphine ligands (short HPN, R = pTol (), 3,5-dimethylphenyl (), 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl (), 2-methoxyphenyl (), diisopropylphenyl (), and adamantyl ()), allowing a detailed tuning of their steric (and electronic) properties. could be converted into their lithium salts , which are effective precursors for salt metathesis reactions. The new ligands are used for the synthesis of an array of lanthanide complexes using LaCl(THF) as a precursor.

Phyllosticta paracitricarpa is synonymous with the EU quarantine fungus P. citricarpa based on phylogenomic analyses.

Phyllosticta citricarpa is an important citrus-pathogen and a quarantine organism in the European Union. Its recently described relative, P. paracitricarpa, is very closely related and not listed as a quarantine organism.

Electron-rich pyridines with -N-heterocyclic imine substituents: ligand properties and coordination to CO, SO, BCl and Pd complexes.

Electron-rich pyridines with π donor groups at the position play an important role as nucleophiles in organocatalysis, but their ligand properties and utilization in coordination chemistry have received little attention. Herein, we report the synthesis of two electron-rich pyridines 1 and 2 bearing N-heterocyclic imine groups at the position and explore their coordination chemistry. Experimental and computational methods were used to assess the donor ability of the new pyridines showing that they are stronger donors than aminopyridines and guanidinyl pyridines, and that the nature of the N-heterocyclic backbone has a strong influence on the pyridine donor strength.

Resorbable Patient-Specific Implants of Molybdenum for Pediatric Craniofacial Surgery-Proof of Concept in an In Vivo Pilot Study.

Titanium continues to be the gold standard in the field of osteosynthesis materials. This also applies to pediatric craniofacial surgery. Various resorbable materials have already been developed in order to avoid costly and risky second operations to remove metal in children.

Genetic diversity of the banana Fusarium wilt pathogen in Cuba and across Latin America and the Caribbean.

Fusarium wilt of bananas (FWB) is a severe plant disease that leads to substantial losses in banana production worldwide. It remains a major concern for Cuban banana cultivation. The disease is caused by members of the soil-borne Fusarium oxysporum species complex.

PROVIT-CLOCK: A Potential Influence of Probiotics and Vitamin B7 Add-On Treatment and Metabolites on Clock Gene Expression in Major Depression.

Introduction: An increasing body of evidence suggests a strong relationship between gut health and mental state. Lately, a connection between butyrate-producing bacteria and sleep quality has been discussed. The PROVIT study, as a randomized, double-blind, 4-week, multispecies probiotic intervention study, aims at elucidating the potential interconnection between the gut's metabolome and the molecular clock in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases of different subfamilies differentially regulate SOBIR1/BAK1-mediated immune responses in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Cell-surface receptors form the front line of plant immunity. The leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-receptor-like kinases SOBIR1 and BAK1 are required for the functionality of the tomato LRR-receptor-like protein Cf-4, which detects the secreted effector Avr4 of the pathogenic fungus Fulvia fulva. Here, we show that the kinase domains of SOBIR1 and BAK1 directly phosphorylate each other and that residues Thr522 and Tyr469 of the kinase domain of Nicotiana benthamiana SOBIR1 are required for its kinase activity and for interacting with signalling partners, respectively.

Møller-Plesset Adiabatic Connection at Large Coupling Strengths for Open-Shell Systems.

We study the adiabatic connection that has as weak-coupling expansion the Møller-Plesset perturbation series, generalizing to the open-shell case previous closed-shell results for the large-coupling limit. We first focus on the hydrogen atom with fractional spins, providing results along the adiabatic connection from small to large coupling strengths. We reveal an intriguing phase diagram and an equation for the large-coupling leading order that has closed-form solutions for specific choices of its relevant quantum numbers.

Oomycete Metabolism Is Highly Dynamic and Reflects Lifestyle Adaptations.

The selective pressure of pathogen-host symbiosis drives adaptations. How these interactions shape the metabolism of pathogens is largely unknown. Here, we use comparative genomics to systematically analyze the metabolic networks of oomycetes, a diverse group of eukaryotes that includes saprotrophs as well as animal and plant pathogens, with the latter causing devastating diseases with significant economic and/or ecological impacts.

Supramolecular compounds assembled from the heteroleptic tetrahedral complex [{CpMo(CO)}(μ,η-AsSb)] and metal salts.

The reaction of the tetrahedral complex [{CpMo(CO)}(μ,η-AsSb)] with Cu and Ag salts is presented which gives unprecedented neutral and cationic supramolecular aggregates featuring mixed As/Sb-donor molecules as ligands/linkers between metal ions.

Segmental duplications drive the evolution of accessory regions in a major crop pathogen.

Many pathogens evolved compartmentalized genomes with conserved core and variable accessory regions (ARs) that carry effector genes mediating virulence. The fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum has such ARs, often spanning entire chromosomes. The presence of specific ARs influences the host range, and horizontal transfer of ARs can modify the pathogenicity of the receiving strain.