Production of IgY in egg yolk of Gallus gallus Domesticus by oral vaccination and its characterization with outer membrane of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale.

Chicken respiratory disease "Ornithobacteriosis" caused by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) badly affect the poultry industry. In this study, ORT was isolated from chicken tracheal samples by streaking on 5 % sheep blood agar plates and characterized by morphological analysis, biochemical tests and identification by species specific PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Characterized ORT was cultured, fixed with formalin and mixed with the normal feed to be used as oral vaccine to egg laying hens for 10 days.

Mannosylated thiolated polyethylenimine nanoparticles for the enhanced efficacy of antimonial drug against Leishmaniasis.

Aim: Our aim was to inhibit trypanothione reductase (TR) and P-gp efflux pump of Leishmania by the use of thiolated polymers. Thus, increasing the intracellular accumulation and therapeutic effectiveness of antimonial compounds.

Methods: Mannosylated thiolated chitosan and mannosylated thiolated chitosan-polyethyleneimine graft were synthesized and characterized.