Correction: Heruye et al. Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts. 2020, , 15.

In the original publication [...

Inflammation primes the murine kidney for recovery by activating AZIN1 adenosine-to-inosine editing.

The progression of kidney disease varies among individuals, but a general methodology to quantify disease timelines is lacking. Particularly challenging is the task of determining the potential for recovery from acute kidney injury following various insults. Here, we report that quantitation of post-transcriptional adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing offers a distinct genome-wide signature, enabling the delineation of disease trajectories in the kidney.

Orexin receptors regulate hippocampal sharp wave-ripple complexes in ex vivo slices.

Orexin is a neuromodulatory peptide produced by lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons and binds to G-protein-coupled orexin-1 receptor and orexin-2 receptors. Whether orexin modulates learning and memory is not fully understood. Orexin has biphasic effects on learning and memory: promoting learning and memory at homeostatic levels and inhibiting at supra- and sub-homeostatic levels.

Ascorbic Acid Reduces Neurotransmission, Synaptic Plasticity, and Spontaneous Hippocampal Rhythms in In Vitro Slices.

Ascorbic acid (AA; a.k.a.

Protective Action of Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Compounds against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cataract Formation in Cultured Bovine Lenses.

Purpose: The gaseous signalling molecule, hydrogen sulfide (HS) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Since oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cataracts and lenticular hydrogen peroxide (HO) is elevated in some cataract patients, the present study investigated the ability of HS-releasing compounds to prevent HO-induced cataract formation in cultured bovine lenses.

Methods: Lenses were cultured in either Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; control); HO (50 mM); ascorbic acid (AA; 3 mM) (positive control); and the HS-releasing compounds (diallyl trisulfide [DATS] or GYY4137) in the presence of HO (50 mM).

Carbamazepine Reduces Sharp Wave-Ripple Complexes and Exerts Synapse-Specific Inhibition of Neurotransmission in Ex Vivo Hippocampal Slices.

Higher therapeutic concentrations of the antiseizure medication carbamazepine (CBZ) are associated with cognitive side effects. Hippocampal sharp wave-ripple complexes (SPW-Rs) are proposed to participate in memory consolidation during periods of quiet and slow-wave sleep. SPW-Rs are generated in the CA3 region and are regulated by multiple synaptic inputs.

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts.

Cataracts, one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, refers to lens degradation that is characterized by clouding, with consequent blurry vision. As life expectancies improve, the number of people affected with cataracts is predicted to increase worldwide, especially in low-income nations with limited access to surgery. Although cataract surgery is considered safe, it is associated with some complications such as retinal detachment, warranting a search for cheap, pharmacological alternatives to the management of this ocular disease.