Sex and intelligence quotient differences in age of diagnosis among youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental condition and is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Research suggests that some populations, such as females and individuals with high intelligence quotients may be a risk for late ADHD diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Our goal is to advance our understanding of ADHD diagnosis, by examining (1) how child sex and cognitive abilities together are related to the age of diagnosis and (2) whether symptom presentation, current internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and demographic factors are related to age of diagnosis.

Single versus multiple metabolite quantification of in vitro starch digestion: A comparison for the case of pulse cotyledon cells.

Different quantification methods for in vitro amylolysis were compared for individual chickpea and lentil cotyledon cells (ICC) as a relevant case study. For the first time, much-applied spectrophotometric methods relying on the quantification of certain functional groups (i.e.

Insights into elastic properties of coarse-grained DNA models: q-stiffness of cgDNA vs cgDNA.

Coarse-grained models have emerged as valuable tools to simulate long DNA molecules while maintaining computational efficiency. These models aim at preserving interactions among coarse-grained variables in a manner that mirrors the underlying atomistic description. We explore here a method for testing coarse-grained vs all-atom models using stiffness matrices in Fourier space (q-stiffnesses), which are particularly suited to probe DNA elasticity at different length scales.

Chromatin structure from high resolution microscopy: Scaling laws and microphase separation.

Recent advances in experimental fluorescence microscopy allow high accuracy determination (resolution of 50 nm) of the three-dimensional physical location of multiple (up to ∼10^{2}) tagged regions of the chromosome. We investigate publicly available microscopy data for two loci of the human Chr21 obtained from multiplexed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods for different cell lines and treatments. Inspired by polymer physics models, our analysis centers around distance distributions between different tags with the aim being to unravel the chromatin conformational arrangements.

Mechanisms of DNA-Mediated Allostery.

Proteins often regulate their activities via allostery-or action at a distance-in which the binding of a ligand at one binding site influences the affinity for another ligand at a distal site. Although less studied than in proteins, allosteric effects have been observed in experiments with DNA as well. In these experiments two or more proteins bind at distinct DNA sites and interact indirectly with each other, via a mechanism mediated by the linker DNA molecule.

Accuracy of Toric Intraocular Lens Calculations Using Estimated Versus Measured Posterior Corneal Astigmatism.

Purpose: To compare the prediction accuracy of toric intraocular lens calculations using estimated vs measured posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: A total of 110 eyes of 110 patients with uncomplicated toric intraocular lens implantation were included in this study.

Measuring mentoring in employability-oriented higher education programs: scale development and validation.

To keep up with technological advances and macro-economic trends, higher education has increasingly focused on developing students' employability competences through mentoring programs. However, measuring the effectiveness of such mentoring programs has remained difficult, because many mentoring measurements are not validated or grounded in theory. Furthermore, existing questionnaires have mostly focused on one or two types of support, ignoring the wide variety of support types offered by a mentor.

Development of machine learning models to predict posterior capsule rupture based on the EUREQUO registry.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of different probabilistic classifiers to predict posterior capsule rupture (PCR) prior to cataract surgery.

Methods: Three probabilistic classifiers were constructed to estimate the probability of PCR: a Bayesian network (BN), logistic regression (LR) model, and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) network. The classifiers were trained on a sample of 2 853 376 surgeries reported to the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO) between 2008 and 2018.

Leader airtime management and team effectiveness in emergency management command and control (EMCC) teams.

We investigated the relation between leader airtime management and team effectiveness in Emergency Management Command and Control (EMCC) teams. Leader airtime management concerns leaders' interventions to structure who shares information when using opening and closing statements to respectively stimulate or reduce information sharing. We coded leaders' airtime management statements across different meeting phases (structuring, information sharing, decision making) using video-recordings of 12 EMCC exercises involving two consecutive meetings each.

Anesthesia techniques and the risk of complications as reflected in the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery.

Purpose: To determine the trends in anesthesia techniques for cataract surgery over the past decade and their relationship to surgical complications.

Setting: Clinics affiliated with the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO).

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional register-based study.

Accuracy of intraocular lens calculations in eyes with keratoconus.

Purpose: To compare the prediction accuracy of the Barrett True-K for keratoconus with standard formulas (SRK/T, Barrett Universal II, and Kane) and the Kane keratoconus formula.

Setting: Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, and University Eye Clinic, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Design: Multicenter retrospective case series.

Learning leadership and feedback seeking behavior: Leadership that spurs feedback seeking.

Lifelong learning is crucial for professionals to continuously develop and update their knowledge and skills, and for organizations to create and sustain competitive advantage. In this regard, feedback seeking is a powerful vehicle to gain new knowledge and insights in one's development and performance. The current research dives deeper in the concept of feedback seeking by investigating the act and use of feedback as well as multiple feedback seeking methods.

Mechanical properties of nucleic acids and the non-local twistable wormlike chain model.

Mechanical properties of nucleic acids play an important role in many biological processes that often involve physical deformations of these molecules. At sufficiently long length scales (say, above ∼20-30 base pairs), the mechanics of DNA and RNA double helices is described by a homogeneous Twistable Wormlike Chain (TWLC), a semiflexible polymer model characterized by twist and bending stiffnesses. At shorter scales, this model breaks down for two reasons: the elastic properties become sequence-dependent and the mechanical deformations at distal sites get coupled.

Outcomes of cataract surgery complicated by posterior capsule rupture in the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of cataract surgery complicated by posterior capsule rupture (PCR).

Setting: European clinics affiliated to the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO).

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional register-based study.

Risk factors for posterior capsule rupture in cataract surgery as reflected in the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery.

Purpose: To analyze the incidence and risk factors for posterior capsule rupture (PCR) in cataract surgery.

Setting: European clinics affiliated with the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO).

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional register-based study.

Visual working memory and sensory processing in autistic children.

While atypical sensory processing is one of the more ubiquitous symptoms in autism spectrum disorder, the exact nature of these sensory issues remains unclear, with different studies showing either enhanced or deficient sensory processing. Using a well-established continuous cued-recall task that assesses visual working memory, the current study provides novel evidence reconciling these apparently discrepant findings. Autistic children exhibited perceptual advantages in both likelihood of recall and recall precision relative to their typically-developed peers.

Evaluating the Instructional Design and Effect on Knowledge, Teamwork, and Skills of Technology-Enhanced Simulation-Based Training in Obstetrics in Uganda: Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Simulation-based training is a common strategy for improving the quality of facility-based maternity services and is often evaluated using Kirkpatrick's theoretical model. The results on the Kirkpatrick levels are closely related to the quality of the instructional design of a training program. The instructional design is generally defined as the "set of prescriptions for teaching methods to improve the quality of instruction with a goal of optimizing learning outcomes.

Bleeding complications of thromboprophylaxis with dabigatran, nadroparin or rivaroxaban for 6 weeks after total knee arthroplasty surgery: a randomised pilot study.

Objectives: For the non-vitamin-K oral anticoagulants, data on bleeding when used for 42 days as thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are scarce. This pilot study assessed feasibility of a multicentre randomised clinical trial to evaluate major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding during 42-day use of dabigatran, nadroparin and rivaroxaban after TKA.

Patients And Methods: In 70 weeks, between July 2012 and November 2013, 198 TKA patients were screened for eligibility in the Martini Hospital (Groningen, the Netherlands).

Dutch Guideline on Knee Arthroscopy Part 1, the meniscus: a multidisciplinary review by the Dutch Orthopaedic Association.

Background and purpose - A guideline committee of medical specialists and a physiotherapist was formed on the initiative of the Dutch Orthopedic Association (NOV) to update the guideline Arthroscopy of the Knee: Indications and Treatment 2010. This next guideline was developed between June 2017 and December 2019. In this Part 1 we focus on the meniscus, in Part 2 on all other aspects of knee arthroscopy.

Dutch Guideline on Knee Arthroscopy Part 2: non-meniscus intra-articular knee injury: a multidisciplinary review by the Dutch Orthopaedic Association.

Background and purpose - A guideline committee of medical specialists and a physiotherapist was formed on the initiative of the Dutch Orthopedic Association (NOV) to update the Guideline Arthroscopy of the Knee: Indications and Treatment 2010. This next Guideline was developed between June 2017 and December 2019. In part 1 we focused on the meniscus; this part 2 addresses all other aspects of knee arthroscopy.

A pupillometry study of multisensory social and linguistic processing in autism and typical development.

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by impairments in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Many studies have demonstrated atypical responses to audiovisual sensory inputs, particularly those containing sociolinguistic information. It is currently unclear whether these atypical responses are due to the linguistic nature of the inputs or the social aspect itself.