Symptomatic cerebral oedema during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis: effect of adjuvant octreotide infusion.

Introduction: A potentially lethal complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children is brain oedema, whether caused by DKA itself or by the therapeutic infusion of insulin and fluids.

Case Presentation: A 10-year old previously healthy boy with DKA became unconscious and apnoeic due to cerebral oedema (confirmed by abnormal EEG and CT-scan) during treatment with intravenous fluids (36 ml/h) and insulin (0.1 units/kg/h).

Genetic causes of goiter and deafness: Pendred syndrome in a girl and cooccurrence of Pendred syndrome and resistance to thyroid hormone in her sister.

Context: Goiter and deafness can be associated in some genetic syndromes, e.g. Pendred syndrome (PS) and resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH).

The influence of auxology and long-term glycemic control on muscle function in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

We intended to investigate in this pilot-study if long-term glycemic control stands in close relationship with muscle function in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Muscle function (MIGF, maximal isometric grip force; PJF, peak jump force; PJP, peak jump power) was investigated in 40 children and adolescents (males 20, females 20; age 13.5-/+2.

Insulin binding to antibodies is a risk factor for inexplicable severe hypoglycaemia in children with type-1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type-1 diabetic individuals differ with regard to both, the formation of circulating insulin antibodies, and the incidence of severe hypoglycaemia.

Aim Of The Study: To assess the association of insulin binding to antibodies with the incidence of severe hypoglycaemia.

Patients And Methods: In a cross sectional study, 73 children with type-1 diabetes mellitus (median age 14 years, duration of diabetes 6 years) were investigated, 22 of whom had experienced severe hypoglycaemia during the past 18 months, and 51 had never experienced severe hypoglycaemia.

Clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus in overweight European caucasian adolescents.

Aim: To present the clinical features of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in overweight European Caucasian children and adolescents.

Methods: We report the clinical characteristics of 16 non-syndromal overweight European Caucasian adolescents with T2DM (10 boys, 6 girls, SDS-BMI in median +2.8, range +1.