Three-year outcomes of surgical valve replacement with Dafodil™ pericardial bioprosthesis: Dafodil™-1 trial.

Background: The Dafodil™-1 trial was designed to evaluate the clinical safety and performance of Dafodil™ pericardial bioprosthesis for replacing diseased native or prosthetic aortic or mitral valves in patients with advanced valvular heart disease (VHD).

Methods: The Dafodil™-1 trial was a prospective, multicenter, first-in-human clinical trial. Patients were enrolled if they had advanced VHD requiring aortic valve replacement (AVR) or mitral valve replacement (MVR) with or without concomitant valve surgery and having surgical risk scores <4%.

Novel technique of left atrial appendage occlusion-a pilot study.

A clot in the left atrial appendage (LAA) is an important cause of cardio-embolic stroke. Concomitant occlusion of the LAA during cardiac surgery is found to have reduced postoperative stroke. A study was designed to observe the results of LAA occlusion in 17 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and aortic valve replacement (AVR).

Hydrodissection in chronic pulmonary endarterectomy.

Unlabelled: In our series of surgical pulmonary endarterectomies done for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, we have incorporated the principle of hydrodissection with the aid of a carbon dioxide (CO) mist blower which is routinely used for off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgeries. This added method of endarterectomy will help to achieve optimum clearance of thrombic load with basic cardiac surgical instruments.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.

Medium-term outcomes of a modified technique for RSOV-VSD subset.

Rupture of sinus of Valsalva (RSOV) aneurysm to right ventricular outflow tract or main pulmonary artery is commonly associated with subaortic ventricular septal defect (VSD). A standard surgical approach described is double patch closure. We have adopted the principle of transaortic direct closure of VSD with prosthetic patch closure of sinus defect; this novel technique is used for past 15 years with good long-term results.

Novel technique of achieving hemodynamic stability during systemic to pulmonary artery shunt.

Historically, the Blalock Taussig (BT) shunt has been an off-pump procedure. For the last two decades, the number of BT shunt operations has come down globally with the adoption of neonatal early corrective surgery. BT shunts are still performed for augmentation of pulmonary arterial (PA) growth or as a part of univentricular palliation.

Tips for southpaw cardiac surgery trainees.

The right-handed surgeons/mentors face difficulties when it comes to training left-handed cardiac surgical trainees. Those who are left dominant and non-ambidextrous have to devise their own ways to operate safely and expeditiously. These are some suggestions that can help mentors to plan a proper training program for a left-handed trainee and for the trainees to overcome their shortcomings.

Modeling and Closed Loop Flight Testing of a Fixed Wing Micro Air Vehicle.

This paper presents the nonlinear six degrees of freedom dynamic modeling of a fixed wing micro air vehicle. The static derivatives of the micro air vehicle are obtained through the wind tunnel testing. The propeller effects on the lift, drag, pitching moment and side force are quantified through wind tunnel testing.

Giant coronary-pulmonary fistula with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, and coronary anomaly: A case report and review of literature.

Congenital coronary-pulmonary artery fistula is a rare condition and is usually associated with pulmonary atresia. We present a 10-year-old girl with circumflex coronary artery to pulmonary artery (PA) fistula with a giant dilated circumflex coronary artery, ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary atresia, and anomalous originofleft anterior descending (LAD) artery from right coronary sinus. The patient underwent surgical correction.

Lipomatous hamartoma of mitral valve.

Primary cardiac tumors are very rare, and tumors arising from cardiac valves are extremely rare. We present a case of lipomatous hamartoma of the mitral valve in a young female. This is the 6th case of lipomatous hamartoma of the mitral valve to be reported.

A rare case of left ventricular outflow tract mass.

Thrombus formation in left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) of a normal heart is a very rare occurrence. A 23-year-old male who presented with syncope, on evaluation found to have obstructing mass in the LVOT. His heart was otherwise normal.

Aorto-left ventricular tunnel: uncommon site of origin and management.

Cases of aorto-ventricular tunnel involving the right ventricle and more commonly, the left ventricle have been described. The site of origin is located above the right coronary cusp and occasionally, the left. We describe an aorto-left ventricular tunnel in a 16-year-old girl, with aneurysmal expansion into the right ventricular outflow tract.

A common trunk of origin of the right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries with a retrocaval course.

A common trunk of origin of the right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries with a retrocaval course was observed during the dissection of a male cadaver. The Common trunk (CT) arose from the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta (AA) at the level of the right renal artery (RRA) and after a short course behind the inferior vena cava (IVC), the CT divided into right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries. The middle suprarenal artery (MSA) passed upwards behind the IVC to the right suprarenal gland.

Pulmonary artery bypass for in-stent stenosis following angioplasty for isolated pulmonary Takayasu arteritis.

Pulmonary artery (PA) stenosis due to Takayasu Arteritis (TA) is usually managed by angioplasty techniques. We present a patient with isolated PA stenosis with TA with in-stent stenosis. The surgical management and pathophysiology of this disease are reviewed.

Acute severe mitral regurgitation following balloon mitral valvotomy: echocardiographic features, operative findings, and outcome in 50 surgical cases.

Objective: To analyze the echocardiographic and operative findings with respect to mitral valve anatomy in individuals undergoing emergency surgery for acute severe mitral regurgitation (MR) following balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV). In addition, the clinical profile and outcomes are highlighted.

Background: Acute severe MR is a major complication of BMV.

A technique for repair of atrioventricular canal defect in dextrocardia.

Congenital heart disease with dextrocardia, situs solitus, is not uncommonly seen in paediatric cardiac surgery. An approach through the right atrium for correction of associated cardiac anomalies is needed in most of these cases. We present a technique for operating on this subset of patients wherein the heart can be displaced into the left pleural space allowing for surgery in an anatomical orientation that is familiar to the surgeon and emphasize the precautions to be taken following surgery.

Infected pseudoaneurysm involving a drug-eluting stent.

Stent infection following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is rare. We present such a case involving a drug-eluting stent placed in the left anterior descending coronary artery that was managed surgically with removal of the stent with concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting. Early surgical intervention directed at removal of the infected stent, debridement and distal vessel revascularisation is recommended to deal with the infection and prevent myocardial compromise.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia presenting as a giant axillary artery aneurysm.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an unusual vascular tumor most frequently located in the superficial head and neck. Noncutaneous localization of this pathology in large arteries presenting as a pulsatile mass is extremely rare. We describe an adult male with a giant left axillary artery tumor secondary to ALHE.

A comparative in vitro evaluation of cytotoxic effects of EDTA and maleic acid: root canal irrigants.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare aqueous solutions of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with that of maleic acid (MA) for their cytotoxic effect on Chinese hamster fibroblasts (V79) cells growing in vitro.

Study Design: Exponentially growing V79 cells were treated with various concentrations of EDTA (0.05% to 1.

The challenge produced by familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia when treating premature coronary arterial disease in the young.

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia is a monogenic, autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the LDL receptor gene. Familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia results when both the alleles have the defective mutation. It is characterized by cutaneous and tendinous xanthomas, premature corneal arcing, and is associated with an increased risk of coronary arterial disease.

Multiple arterial, neural and muscular variations in upper limb of a single cadaver.

During routine dissection classes to undergraduate medical students, we have observed some important anatomic variations in the right upper limb of a 45-year-old cadaver. The anomalies were superficial ulnar artery, persistent median artery, variant superficial palmar arch, third head for biceps brachii, accessory head for flexor pollicis longus, variant insertion of pectoralis major, absence of musculocutaneous nerve, coracobrachialis muscle supplied by lateral root of median nerve and anomalous branching of median nerve in arm and forearm. Although there are individual reports about these variations, the combination of these variations in one cadaver has not previously been described in the literature consulted.

Trifurcation of brachial artery with variant course of radial artery: rare observation.

Variations in the arterial pattern of the upper limb have been observed frequently, either in the routine dissections or in clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to describe the anatomical, surgical and embryological importance of major arteries of upper limbs of human beings. The present article is the report of low division and trifurcation of brachial artery and abnormal course of radial artery (passing deep to the pronator teres muscle) found in a 45-year-old embalmed male cadaver.

Nonsurgical management of a nonvital tooth with orthodontically induced external root resorption and extensive periapical pathology.

The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of orthodontically induced external root resorption of a maxillary left central incisor with a large periapical radiolucency; it was treated successfully with a conservative approach that included the use of calcium hydroxide. The tooth was nonvital and had grade III mobility. It was treated endodontically for 2 years with an interim filling of calcium hydroxide mixed with propylene glycol.