Numerical modeling and analysis of cardiac stent using blood hammer principle.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a condition which disrupts blood flow due to plaque build-up inside the arteries. Under conditions where consecutive plaques are prevailing blood hammer principle is exhibited.

Objective: The pressure and shear stress produced at an infinitesimal area act as the governing equation for stent modeling.

Clinico-dermatologic patterns of Paederus dermatitis in a teaching hospital, South India.

Background: Paederus dermatitis (PD) is common skin condition occurring in South India caused due to contact with Rove beetle. It is often misdiagnosed due to wide difference in its presentation. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, sociodemographic, and environmental condition of patient's presenting with PD.

Catatonic syndrome: importance of detection and treatment with lorazepam.

Background: A resurgence of interest has led to renewed attempts to clarify the concept and treatment of catatonia.

Method: A large prospective study was conducted to estimate the incidence of catatonic syndrome in 138 consecutive psychiatric patients admitted to a general hospital in India, to demarcate the common symptom presentations and its response to intravenous benzodiazepines. Patients were screened using the Bush Francis Catatonia Screening Instrument.

Regional brain metabolism in schizophrenia: The influence of antipsychotics.

Background: Schizophrenia has been associated with a plethora of metabolic changes in the brain that vary with duration and type of psychoses. Additionally, it has been observed that antipsychotics can further alter cerebral glucose metabolism. These changes resulting from antipsychotics have been postulated to be reflective of the duration and mechanism of action of the medication.

Depression in epilepsy: phenomenology, diagnosis and management.

1) Depression is a common and important accompaniment of epilepsy. 2) Depression in epilepsy is phenomenologically different from the usual forms of depression and it is essential that treating physicians assess for these varied forms as well. 3) Depression in epilepsy may be managed more effectively if the relationship to the ictus is better understood.

The complex relationship between seizures and behavior: an illustrative case report.

Epilepsy and behavior have a complex, often intriguing relationship. We report here the interesting case of Mrs. A, who presented with depression and developed seizures and an ictal psychosis precipitated by use of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

Psychiatric morbidity following motor vehicle crashes: a pilot study from India.

Background: Motor vehicle crashes can result in significant posttraumatic psychiatric morbidity. While the psychological impact of major disasters has been extensively studied in developing nations, psychological distress resulting from personal disasters such as road traffic crashes is sadly lacking.

Method: Thirty inpatients who had been involved in a motor vehicle crash, either as a driver, passenger, or pedestrian, were assessed for psychiatric morbidity using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Impact of Events Scale.

Regional brain metabolism in schizophrenia: An FDG-PET study.

Background: Recent technological advances have established beyond any doubt the biological nature of schizophrenia. Functional neuroimaging using FDG-PET forms an important technique in understanding the biological underpinnings of psychopathology of schizophrenia.

Methods: Eighteen male patients diagnosed as having schizophrenia and having active psychosis as determined by PANSS were subjected to FDG-PET scanning under resting conditions.

Increased thalamostriatal-mesiotemporal glucose uptake with symptom remission in schizophrenia--a case report.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective modality of treatment, especially in medication-resistant psychiatric conditions. We report the case of an individual with schizophrenia and prominent negative symptoms who, despite poor response to medications, exhibited significant symptom remission with ECT. Post-ECT fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography scan revealed increased uptake in the thalamostriatal-mesiotemporal regions, suggesting a possible mechanism of action of ect in alleviation of negative symptoms.

Is this 'complicated' opioid withdrawal?

Seven patients with opioid dependence admitted in the de-addiction centre for detoxification developed convulsions and delirium during the withdrawal phase. After ruling out all other possible causes of these complications, opioid withdrawal seemed to emerge as the most likely explanation. The unpredictability of the course of opioid dependence and withdrawal needs to be considered when treating patients with opioid dependence.

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in an Indian population: comparison between Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

Background: Differential patterns of brain lesions in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or vascular dementia (VaD) can result in differing clinical courses and presentations.

Method: Thirty patients with AD were compared with 29 patients with VaD for differences in behavioral symptoms using the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease (BEHAV-AD) rating scale.

Results: Patients with AD had significantly more delusions, hallucinations, anxieties and phobias and caregiver distress than patients with VaD.

The integrated approach of yoga: a therapeutic tool for mentally retarded children: a one-year controlled study.

Ninety children with mental retardation of mild, moderate and severe degree were selected from four special schools in Bangalore, India. Forty-five children underwent yogic training for one academic year (5 h in every week) with an integrated set of yogic practices, including breathing exercises and pranayama, sithilikarana vyayama (loosening exercises), suryanamaskar, yogasanas and meditation. They were compared before and after yogic training with a control group of 45 mentally retarded children matched for chronological age, sex, IQ, socio-economic status and socio environmental background who were not exposed to yoga training but continued their usual school routine during that period.