Personality disorders, violence and antisocial behaviour: updated systematic review and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Links between personality disorders and antisocial outcomes has not examined individual personality disorders, and the contribution of comorbidities remain uncertain. Previous systematic reviews are dated.

Aims: To synthesise evidence from observational studies on the risk of antisocial outcomes and recidivism associated with personality disorders.

Real-world effects of antidepressants for depressive disorder in primary care: population-based cohort study.

Background: Antidepressants' effects are established in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), but not in the real world.

Aims: To investigate real-world comparative effects of antidepressants for depression and compare them with RCTs.

Method: We performed a cohort study based on the QResearch database.

Neuropsychiatric diagnoses after montelukast initiation in paediatric patients with asthma.

Background: The evidence base on montelukast-associated adverse outcomes is inconclusive in children and young persons (CYP) with asthma. We aimed to investigate 1-year incidence of neuropsychiatric diagnoses after initiation of montelukast as an adjunct therapy to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) in CYP aged 3-17 years with asthma.

Methods: This propensity score matched cohort study was conducted using electronic health records between 2015 and 2019 in the TriNetX Analytics Network patient repository in the USA.

Risk of repeat self-harm among individuals presenting to healthcare services: development and validation of a clinical risk assessment model (OxSET).

Background: A self-harm episode is a major risk factor for repeat self-harm. Existing tools to assess and predict repeat self-harm have major methodological limitations, and few are externally validated.

Objective: To develop and validate a risk assessment model of repeat self-harm up to 6 months after an episode of non-fatal self-harm that resulted in an emergency visit to hospital or specialised care.

Forensic mental health: envisioning a more empirical future.

Forensic mental health services provide crucial interventions for society. Such services provide care for people with mental disorders who commit violent and other serious crimes, and they have a key role in the protection of the public. To achieve these goals, these services are necessarily expensive, but they have been criticised for a high-cost, low-volume approach, for lacking consistent standards of care, and for neglecting human rights and other ethical considerations.

Changes in the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the pandemic: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Aim: To describe the pattern of the prevalence of mental health problems during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the impact of containment measures on these trends.

Methods: We identified articles published until 30 August 2021 that reported the prevalence of mental health problems in the general population at two or more time points. A crowd of 114 reviewers extracted data on prevalence, study and participant characteristics.

Homelessness, psychiatric disorders, and violence in Denmark: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Homelessness is associated with adverse health and social outcomes. People experiencing homelessness have been found to have a high risk of violent crime victimisation as well as high prevalence of psychiatric disorders. It is poorly understood whether experiencing homelessness is associated with additional risks of violent offending and whether psychiatric disorders contribute to these risks.

Mortality and adverse events associated with statin use in primary care patients with depression: a real-world, population-based cohort study.

Background: New National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance endorses the prescription of statins in larger population groups for the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality, especially in people with severe mental illness. However, the evidence base for their safety and risk/benefit balance in depression is not established.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the real-world mortality and adverse events of statins in depressive disorders.

Health, behavior, and social outcomes among offspring of parents with criminal convictions: a register-based study from Sweden.

Background: There is currently insufficient understanding of the health and behavior of children whose parents engage in criminal behavior. We examined associations between parental criminal convictions and wide range of offspring health, behavioral, and social outcomes by age 18 in a large, national sample, aiming to get a comprehensive picture of the risks among children of offending parents.

Methods: We studied 1,013,385 individuals born in Sweden between 1987 and 1995, and their parents.

New trends of drug abuse in custodial settings: A systematic review on the misuse of over-the-counter drugs, prescription-only-medications, and new psychoactive substances.

The article presents a systematic literature review on the use and the psychiatric implications of over-the-counter drugs (OTC), prescription-only-medications (POM), and new psychoactive substances (NPS) within custodial settings. The searches wer carried out on 2 November 2022 on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in line with PRISMA guidelines. A total of 538 records were identified, of which 37 met the inclusion criteria.

Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adult prisoners: An updated meta-analysis.

Background: Previous meta-analyses may have overestimated the prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in prisoners by including data from selected samples.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of ADHD in unselected samples of adults in prison and examine potential sources of heterogeneity by meta-regression and subgroup analyses.

Methods: We assessed all studies included in a 2018 systematic review for eligibility and updated the literature search to include studies published up to September 2023.

Mental and physical health morbidity among people in prisons: an umbrella review.

Background: People who experience incarceration are characterised by poor health profiles. Clarification of the disease burden in the prison population can inform service and policy development. We aimed to synthesise and assess the evidence regarding the epidemiology of mental and physical health conditions among people in prisons worldwide.

Criminal recidivism rates globally: A 6-year systematic review update.

Objectives: Previous work has shown that direct comparison of recidivism rates between jurisdictions without accounting for potential sources of their variation can be misleading. We aimed to systemically review data on recidivism rate internationally and explore sources of between-country variation.

Methods: We reviewed recidivism rates in individuals released from prison and given community sentences.

Medication utilization in traumatic brain injury patients-insights from a population-based matched cohort study.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with health problems across multiple domains and TBI patients are reported to have high rates of medication use. However, prior evidence is thin due to methodological limitations. Our aim was thus to examine the use of a wide spectrum of medications prescribed to address pain and somatic conditions in a population-based cohort of TBI patients, and to compare this to a sex- and age-matched cohort.

Approaches and challenges to assessing risk of violence in first episode psychosis: A qualitative interview study of clinicians, patients and carers.

Aim: Clinical services for early psychosis seek to improve prognosis for a range of adverse outcomes. For some individuals, perpetration of violence is an important potential outcome to reduce. How these clinical services currently assess this risk however is uncertain.

Conduct disorder - a comprehensive exploration of comorbidity patterns, genetic and environmental risk factors.

Conduct disorder (CD), a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, is characterized by antisocial behavior. Despite similarities with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and possible diagnostic continuity, CD has been shown to precede a range of adult-onset mental disorders. Additionally, little is known about the putative shared genetic liability between CD and adult-onset mental disorders and the underlying gene-environment interplay.