Unveiling the Anticancer Potential of Phytocompounds: Pioneering Future Cancer Therapies.

Cancer epidemiological studies highlight the critical need for identifying better treatment options against cancer. Plants have been widely studied to obtain their efficacy as potent therapeutic agents to treat several diseases, including cancer. Interestingly, some phytocompounds, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolics, and organosulphur compounds [OSCs], have been demonstrating their potential role in combating several pathologies, including the second most devasting disease, cancer, which contributes a significant portion of annual mortality cases.

Mechanisms behind the LncRNAs-mediated regulation of paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in human malignancies.

Paclitaxel (PTX) is extensively used to treat various cancers, including those of the breast, ovary, lung, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and neck. However, despite its effectiveness in clinical settings, patients often experience cancer recurrence due to the emergence of resistance to PTX. The mechanisms underlying this resistance in cancer cells exposed to PTX involve modifications in β-tubulin, the primary target molecule associated with mitosis, the activation of pathways that facilitate drug efflux, and the dysregulation of apoptosis-related proteins.

Microinvasive oral squamous cell carcinoma: A management protocol.

Microinvasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (MISCC) is the early stage of oral cancer that shows a breach in the basement membrane, and the depth of invasion of the tumour is limited to 0.5-2mm into the papillary stroma. A review of the available data on MISCC was conducted to formulate a management protocol for MISCC and to assess the association of MISCC with oral potentially malignant disorders.

siRNA-based strategies to combat drug resistance in gastric cancer.

Chemotherapy is a key treatment option for gastric cancer, but over 50% of patients develop either inherent or acquired resistance to these drugs, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of only about 20%. The primary treatment for advanced gastric cancer typically involves chemotherapy based on platinum or fluorouracil. Several factors can contribute to platinum resistance, including decreased drug uptake, increased drug efflux or metabolism, enhanced DNA repair, activation of pro-survival pathways, and inhibition of pro-apoptotic pathways.

Epidemiological trends of colorectal cancer cases in young population of Eastern India: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of the older population in developed countries where the incidence among the young is rising despite the decline in the overall incidence. Contrary to this, in India, which is a low-incidence country for CRCs, the incidence among all age groups including the young is rising. This study aimed at describing the clinico-demographic profile of young CRC cases and the epidemiological trend of the proportion of young cases from 2014 to 2021 in a tertiary cancer center in Eastern India.

Molecular detection of dengue and chikungunya viruses in surveillance of wild-caught Aedes mosquitoes in Punjab, North India.

Background: Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses are transmitted mainly by Aedes mosquitoes and are responsible for a significant global healthcare burden. The current study aimed to detect arboviruses in the Aedes mosquitoes in close proximity of patients during the transmission season.

Methods: Both immature and adult mosquitoes were collected from in and around the patients' houses.

Treatment outcomes in poor metabolizers of cytochrome P450 2A6 with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced head- and neck-squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Human Cytochrome 2A6 (CYP2A6) is involved in the oxidative metabolism of the nicotine to the inactive cotinine. CYP2A6 is a primary enzyme in nicotine metabolism, the enzyme has been proposed as a novel target for smoking cessation.

Materials And Methods: A total of 70 male patients of locally advanced head- and neck-squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by histopathological examination were enrolled in this study.

Immunosuppressive activity of non-psychoactive Cannabis sativa L. extract on the function of human T lymphocytes.

Background: Cannabis sativa L. extracts (CSE) are used for treating inflammatory conditions, but little is known about their immunomodulatory effects. We investigated a novel CSE with high (14%) CBD and low (0.

Silicon Resorption from Equisetum arvense Tea - A Randomized, Three-Armed Pilot Study.

tea (TEA) contains high concentrations of silicon and has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory ailments. We examined the resorption of silicon after TEA consumption. Safety and immunological effects were secondary outcomes.

Immunosuppressant flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis.

Some plants used in Traditional Chinese Medicine serve as treatment for disease states where a suppression of the cellular immune response is desired. However, the compounds responsible for the immunosuppressant effects of these plants are not necessarily known. The immunosuppressant compounds in the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, one of the most promising plants identified in a previous screening, were tracked by HPLC activity profiling and concomitant on-line spectroscopic analysis.

Importance of the Cyclic Cystine Knot Structural Motif for Immunosuppressive Effects of Cyclotides.

The cyclotide T20K inhibits the proliferation of human immune cells and is currently in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis. Here, we provide novel functional data and mechanistic insights into structure-activity relationships of T20K. Analogs with partial or complete reduction of the cystine knot had loss of function in proliferation experiments.

An interpretive phenomenological analysis of hope in cancer patients: A qualitative study.

Background: In positive psychology, increased recognition of the phenomenon of hope among people suffering from cancer, along with alleviating their negative mental states like anxiety, depression, and fear of death is evident and promising. The aim of the study was to explore the lived experience of hope in cancer patients.

Materials: Qualitative phenomenological research approach was used.

Cyclotides from Brazilian and Their Effects on Human Lymphocytes.

Cyclotides are plant-derived peptides found within five families of flowering plants (Violaceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, and Poaceae) that have a cyclic backbone and six conserved cysteine residues linked by disulfide bonds. Their presence within the Violaceae species seems ubiquitous, yet not all members of other families produce these macrocyclic peptides. The genus Aubl.

Prevalence of dengue vectors, larval breeding habitats, Stegomyia indices and their correlation with dengue cases in urban and rural areas of Punjab, India.

Background & Objectives: The state of Punjab, India is highly endemic for dengue fever as high number of confirmed dengue cases have been reported since 2013. A better understanding of vectors distribution and their seasonal variation is necessary to control the disease. Therefore, the present study was conducted in both rural and urban areas of 11 out of 22 districts of Punjab to highlight seasonal prevalence of Aedes vector mosquitoes.

Cancer trends in Eastern India: Retrospective hospital-based cancer registry data analysis.

Background: Trends of cancer cases vary across several hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs). There is a paucity of demographic data to evaluate trends of cancer in Eastern India.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate trends and pattern of cancer cases with respect to time from HBCR from Bihar.

Geographical pattern of carcinoma gallbladder in Bihar and its association with river Ganges and arsenic levels: Retrospective individual consecutive patient data from Regional Cancer Centre.

Background: Indo-Gangetic basin is known to have higher incidence of gallbladder cancer. Proximity to River Ganga and high heavy metal in soil exposure have been postulated as risk factors.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the geographical pattern of gallbladder cancer from consecutive patient database enrolled in hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR).

Malignant melanoma maxilla.

A malignant melanoma is a highly lethal melanocytic neoplasm. A neoplasm usually affects the skin. Malignant melanomas in the head and neck region are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all melanomas.

NHL - Extranodal T-cell lymphoma.

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) is a rare lymphoid neoplasm that in the past has been grouped with a variety of granulomatous diseases. ENKL occurs in all age groups. However, it seems to occur more often in people in their 50s and affects more men than women.

A technique for correction of attenuations in synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy.

Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy is an efficient technique for decoupling fluorophores which are masked in fluorescence spectroscopy due to overlapping of dominant fluorophores. By choosing appropriate offsets between excitation and emission wavelengths during signal acquisition from turbid samples, responses of individual fluorophores are highlighted as sharp peaks by using this technique. Some of the peaks may, however, still be missed due to wavelength dependent absorption and scattering effects.

Dental care during and after radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.

Head and neck cancer is a major health problem. Oral cancer is increasing in Indian subcontinent mainly due to lack of hygiene, tobacco use, chewing tobacco, smoking, and many other factors. Radiation therapy is the most common form of treatment along with surgery and chemotherapy.

Detecting cervical cancer progression through extracted intrinsic fluorescence and principal component analysis.

Intrinsic fluorescence spectra of the human normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 (CIN1), CIN2, and cervical cancer tissue have been extracted by effectively combining the measured polarized fluorescence and polarized elastic scattering spectra. The efficacy of principal component analysis (PCA) to disentangle the collective behavior from smaller correlated clusters in a dimensionally reduced space in conjunction with the intrinsic fluorescence is examined. This combination unambiguously reveals the biochemical changes occurring with the progression of the disease.