Preoperative versus postoperative survival in patients with univentricular heart: a nationwide, retrospective study of patients born in 1990-2015.

Objectives: Few data exist on mortality among patients with univentricular heart (UVH) before surgery. Our aim was to explore the results of intention to perform surgery by estimating preoperative vs postoperative survival in different UVH subgroups.

Design: Retrospective.

Fluid accumulation in the staged Fontan procedure: the impact of colloid osmotic pressures.

Objectives: Despite Fontan surgery showing improved results, fluid accumulation and oedema formation with pleural effusion are major challenges. Transcapillary fluid balance is dependent on hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressure (COP) gradients; however, the COP values are not known for Fontan patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the COP of plasma (COPp) and interstitial fluid (COPi) in children undergoing bidirectional cavopulmonary connection and total cavopulmonary connection.

Fluid accumulation after closure of atrial septal defects: the role of colloid osmotic pressure.

Objectives: Following paediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), there is a tendency for fluid accumulation. The colloid osmotic pressure of plasma (COPp) and interstitial fluid (COPi) are determinants of transcapillary fluid exchange but only COPp has been measured in sick children. The aim of this study was to assess the net colloid osmotic pressure gradient in children undergoing atrial septal defect closure.

Cardiovascular surgery in Loeys-Dietz syndrome types 1-4.

Objectives: The first publication of Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) described aortic rupture at young ages. Experience with new LDS types showed that the clinical course varies, and thresholds for prophylactic surgery are discussed. As this is an uncommon disease, experience needs to be shared.

'How I Feel About My School': The construction and validation of a measure of wellbeing at school for primary school children.

There is a growing focus on child wellbeing and happiness in schools, but we lack self-report measures for very young children. Three samples ( N = 2345) were combined to assess the psychometric properties of the How I Feel About My School (HIFAMS) questionnaire, which was designed for children aged 4-8 years. Test-retest reliability was moderate (intraclass correlation coefficient = .

Achievements in congenital heart defect surgery: a prospective, 40-year study of 7038 patients.

Background: This article presents an update of the results achieved by modern surgery in congenital heart defects (CHDs) over the past 40 years regarding survival and the need for reoperations, especially focusing on the results from the past 2 decades.

Methods And Results: From 1971 to 2011, all 7038 patients <16 years of age undergoing surgical treatment for CHD at Rikshospitalet (Oslo, Norway) were enrolled prospectively. CHD diagnosis, date, and type of all operations were recorded, as was all-cause mortality until December 31, 2012.

Single-center 50 years' experience with surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of total repair for tetralogy of Fallot. We aimed to characterize late survival and the time-related risk of late reoperation.

Methods: Operative protocols, patient records, and the database of the department were evaluated from 1951 until 2008.

Eight years of pulmonary valve replacement with a suggestion of a promising alternative.

Unlabelled: In a retrospective study we assessed surgical results following right ventricular to pulmonary artery connection repair or replacement at a medium of 2.4 years (0-8) follow-up. Data were retrieved from hospital charts.

Impaired weight gain predicts risk of late death after surgery for congenital heart defects.

Objectives: To describe long-term somatic growth in terms of weight for age in children operated on for congenital heart defects who die late (after the first 30 postoperative days) and to study the relationship between postoperative weight gain and survival after surgery for congenital heart defects.

Methods: This was a nested case-control study of 80 children born in 1990-2002 who died late after surgery for congenital heart defects at Rikshospitalet, Norway. Weight data were obtained for 74 children, of whom 31 with no extra-cardiac anomalies were defined as cases and 31 surviving children with similar surgical complexity were defined as controls.

A comparison of hospital costs with reimbursement received for patients undergoing the Norwood procedure for hypoplasia of the left heart.

Objectives: To determine whether the present system of reimbursement, based on diagnosis-related groups and regular financial budgeting, covers the costs incurred during hospitalisation of 7 children undergoing the three stages of the Norwood sequence for surgical treatment of hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Methods: Between January and September 2003, 7 patients underwent initial surgical palliation with the Norwood procedure at the Rikshospitalet University Hospital. A prospective methodology was developed by our group to measure the costs associated with each individual patient.

Repair of complex left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in children.

Background: Complex obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOTO) in children may be treated with surgical procedures like the Ross-Konno or Koncz-Konno procedures, or modifications thereof. We present our results from the last 10 years.

Material And Method: During the period from December 1991 to April 2002, 17 patients/children with complex LVOTO were operated on.

[Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in the oval fossa].

Background: We report five years' experience with transcatheter closure of defects in the oval fossa at Rikshospitalet University Hospital in Oslo, Norway.

Material And Methods: We reviewed the results in 69 patients between 1.3 and 74 years of age (median 5.

[Heart transplantation in Norway].

The first heart transplantation in the Nordic countries was performed at Rikshospitalet, Oslo in 1983. In this paper, we present our experience with this treatment up to 1999. 317 heart transplantations have been performed, an average of 23 transplantations per year.

Thyroid function during and after cardiopulmonary bypass in children.

Background: The aim of the study was to elucidate the changes in thyroid function during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in children.

Methods: Triiodothronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined preoperatively, at specific times throughout CPB, and serially up to 48 h postoperatively, in 10 children (median age 35, range 23-68 months) undergoing elective surgery for congenital heart disease.

Results: T3 decreased from 2.

Erythromelalgia: a clinical study of 87 cases.

We report on aetiological factors, clinical findings and prognosis of 87 patients with erythromelalgia (EM). This is the largest material reported in the western literature. There is a 100% follow up of patients with observation period up to 11 years.

[Extracorporeal heart pump--a bridge to heart transplantation. First Norwegian experiences].

By February 1997, the number of heart transplantations at the National Hospital had reached 265. In our department, the first bridge to transplantation in using Thoratec artificial heart was performed in 1995. A 44 year-old patient with life-threatening heart failure was placed for one week on cardiopulmonary assist with an intra-aortic balloon pump and a veno-arterial cardiopulmonary bypass.

Homografts for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in congenital heart disease.

In 49 patients aged 2.2-34.8 (mean 11) years, homografts (20 aortic, 29 pulmonary) were implanted in the right ventricular outflow tract as an isolated procedure or part of corrective surgery for congenital heart disease: tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis (23 cases), pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (10 cases) truncus arteriosus (8 cases) or transposition of the great arteries with pulmonary stenosis (8 cases).

Outcome of bypass surgery in patients with chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. Predictive value of MR imaging.

Purpose: To determine the preoperative findings of MR imaging of the left ventricle (LV) that could best predict the functional outcome of the LV after surgical revascularization.

Material And Methods: Patients with angina pectoris, previous myocardial infarction, and dysfunction of the LV, and who had a preoperative cine MR, were re-evaluated after bypass surgery with MR in a study on the effects of revascularization after mean 22 months.

Results: Angina pectoris was relieved in all patients except one, but the maximum workload during the exercise test was increased in only 3 patients.

Release of soluble tumour necrosis factor alpha receptors during and after paediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. Correlation with haemodynamic and clinical variables.

The release of cytokines during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may contribute to haemodynamic alternations encountered after open heart surgery. Regulatory mechanisms exist and include soluble cytokine receptors. We have measured blood levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and its soluble receptor (TNFsr) during and after open heart surgery in children.

Use of rocuronium in a pregnant patient with an open eye injury, receiving magnesium medication, for preterm labour.

We present a case where rocuronium 80 mg (3 x ED95) was used in a rapid sequence induction in a 80-kg pregnant patient with an open eye injury. The patient was also receiving magnesium 2 g h-1 i.v.

[Heart transplantation as a life saving procedure after conventional heart surgery].

The first cardiac transplantation in Norway was performed in November 1983. At the end of 1995 the number of heart transplantations at our institution had reached 238. Five of these patients (2.

[Aortic coarctation and complex heart disease. Surgical treatment during the first year of life].

During the five years 1990 through 1994, 70 neonates and infants had surgery for coarctation of the aorta. 30 patients with complex coarctation of the aorta underwent a first stage correction with supplementary ductus ligation and pulmonary artery banding as needed. The mode of surgical repair of coarctation was end-to-end anastomosis in ten patients and patch graft in 20 patient.

Ultrafiltration after cardiopulmonary bypass in children: effects on hemodynamics, cytokines and complement.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical and hemodynamic effect of intraoperative extracorporeal ultrafiltration (UF) and its potential in reducing the plasma concentration of circulating cytokines and complement activation products following open heart surgery in children.

Methods: Eighteen children with congenital heart disease were prospectively randomized into a control group (n = 9) and a group who underwent UF (n = 9). Serial plasma samples for measurements of circulating cytokines (interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), and its soluble receptor (sTNF receptor)), and complement factors (C3 activation products (C3a and C3bc) and terminal complement complex (TCC)) were obtained before, during and up to 48 h after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).