Anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic effects of the ethanol extract from root of Piper sarmentosum Roxb.

Background: Piper sarmentosum Roxb. (Cha Phul) is a plant in the Piperaceae family which the whole plant is used as an expectorant and the leaf as a carminative. Many extracts from the plants in this family show anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities in various animal models.

Toxicity evaluation of sappan wood extract in rats.

Background: The heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. or sappan wood has long been used in folk medicines to treat tuberculosis, diarrhea, dysentery, skin infections and anemia.

Objective: To study the acute and subacute toxicities of sappan wood extract in rats.