A multi-centre peptidomics investigation of food digesta: current state of the art in mass spectrometry analysis and data visualisation.

Mass spectrometry has become the technique of choice for the assessment of a high variety of molecules in complex food matrices. It is best suited for monitoring the evolution of digestive processes in vivo and in vitro. However, considering the variety of equipment available in different laboratories and the diversity of sample preparation methods, instrumental settings for data acquisition, statistical evaluations, and interpretations of results, it is difficult to predict a priori the ideal parameters for optimal results.

Inhibitory effects of bioaccessible anthocyanins and procyanidins from apple, red grape, cinnamon on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase.

The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the bioaccessibility of total anthocyanin and procyanidin in apple (Amasya, ), red grape (Papazkarası, ) and cinnamon (Cassia, ) using an static digestion system based on human gastrointestinal physiologically relevant conditions. Also, inhibitory effects of these foods on lipid (lipase) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were performed with before and after digested samples using acarbose and methylumbelliferyl oleate (4MUO) as the positive control. While the highest total anthocyanin content was found in red grape (164 ± 2.

A Review of Factors Affecting Anthocyanin Bioavailability: Possible Implications for the Inter-Individual Variability.

Anthocyanins are dietary bioactive compounds showing a range of beneficial effects against cardiovascular, neurological, and eye conditions. However, there is, as for other bioactive compounds in food, a high inter and intra-individual variation in the response to anthocyanin intake that in many cases leads to contradictory results in human trials. This variability could be caused at two levels, one at the bioavailability level and the other at the effect and mechanisms of action.

Monitoring molecular composition and digestibility of ripened bresaola through a combined foodomics approach.

In this work, the effects of maturation time and simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the molecular and peptide profiles of "Bresaola Valtellina" were assessed through the foodomics approach, in this case food proteomics and peptidomics combined to other analytical and biological assays, aiming at depicting a holistic food quality. Human digestion of this Italian cured meat product was simulated using an in vitro static protocol and the degree of proteolysis and the in vitro bioactivity of the soluble free compounds in the digestates were evaluated by biochemical assays, e.g.

Bioaccessibility and inhibitory effects on digestive enzymes of carnosic acid in sage and rosemary.

In this study, the aim was to determine the bioaccessibilities of carnosic acid in sage and rosemary and in vitro inhibitory effects of these samples on lipid and starch digestive enzymes by evaluating the lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition activities. The content of carnosic acid in rosemary (18.72 ± 0.

Stability and bioaccessibility of anthocyanins in bakery products enriched with anthocyanins.

Anthocyanins, water soluble polyphenols, have been associated with several beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to determine how the baking process and food matrix affect anthocyanin stability and bioaccessibility in bakery products in order to develop functional foods. Three well known regularly consumed bakery products (buns, breadsticks and biscuits) were enriched with anthocyanin (AC) isolated from grape skin alone or in combination with docosahexaenoic acid (AC + DHA) to reveal knowledge on AC as active ingredients in real food systems rather than pure compounds.

Inhibitory effects of chickpea and Tribulus terrestris on lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

The total saponin content and its in vitro bioaccessibilities in Tribulus terrestris and chickpea were determined by a static in vitro digestion method (COST FA1005 Action INFOGEST). Also, in vitro inhibitory effects of the chosen food samples on lipid and starch digestive enzymes were determined by evaluating the lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. The tested T.

Vegetable product containing caseinomacropeptide and germinated seed and sprouts.

In this study vegetable product containing germinated seed and sprouts of lentils and cowpeas, and caseinomacropeptide isolated from whey is produced. Three different forms of vegetable product namely puree (VP), freeze-dried (FD) and drum-dried (DD) are produced. Freeze-dried and DD forms are produced to diversify forms of utilization and to improve functionality such as increased shelf life and decreased storage space.

In vitro digestibility of goat milk and kefir with a new standardised static digestion method (INFOGEST cost action) and bioactivities of the resultant peptides.

The hydrolysis degrees of goat milk and kefir during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and some bioactivities of the resulting peptides after fermentation and digestion were studied. A static in vitro digestion method by the COST FA1005 Action INFOGEST was used and goat milk and kefir were partially hydrolyzed during the gastric phase and had above 80% hydrolysis after duodenal digestion. There were no differences between the digestibility of goat milk and kefir (p > 0.

In vitro starch digestibility, estimated glycemic index and antioxidant potential of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) corm.

The purpose of this study was to determine some functional properties of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) corm, which can be a good alternative to the other dietary carbohydrate sources with its high starch content. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of taro corm was found as 205±53mgCAE/100g and 61±9mgCAE/100g, respectively.

Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oil from rosemary.

Effects of microwave assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and conventional hydrodistillation (HD) methods on yield, composition, specific gravity, refractive index, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L were studied. The main aroma compounds of rosemary essential oil were found as 1,8-cineole and camphor. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values for essential oils extracted by MAHD and HD were 1.

Vegetable and fermented vegetable juices containing germinated seeds and sprouts of lentil and cowpea.

Health-promoting effects of vegetable juice (VJ) and fermented vegetable juice (FVJ) were determined. Both juices displayed antioxidant activity against DPPH radical, and ORAC values obtained for both juices were not statistically different. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the VJ and FVJ were not different.

Production of resistant starch from taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) corm and determination of its effects on health by in vitro methods.

The aim of the study was the production of resistant starch from taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) corm and determination of its effects on health by in vitro methods. Starch was isolated from taro corms with 98% purity, and 10.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils obtained from oregano (Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum) by using different extraction methods.

In this study, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils obtained from oregano (Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum) were determined by using solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), supercritical fluid extraction, and conventional hydrodistillation (CH) methods. The inhibitory effects on the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical of essential oils obtained from oregano by using SFME and CH were similar.

Determination of in vitro antidiabetic effects, antioxidant activities and phenol contents of some herbal teas.

In this research, some herbal teas and infusions traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes in Turkey, have been studied for their antidiabetic effects on in vitro glucose diffusion and phenolic contents and antioxidant activities. Ten aqueous herbal tea extracts were examined using an in vitro method to determine their effects on glucose movement across the gastrointestinal tract. Total phenol content of herbal teas was analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteu's procedure.

Primary oral cancer in a Turkish population sample: association with sociodemographic features, smoking, alcohol, diet and dentition.

The aim of this multicentre case-control study was to investigate the association of a variety of factors with oral cancer in a group of Turkish patients. Questionnaires were used to investigate the sociodemographic features, smoking and alcohol consumptions, dietary habits and dental status of 79 primary oral cancer patients and 61 controls. Data were statistically analysed with Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson Chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses to determine the odds ratios.

In vitro determination of calcium bioavailability of milk, dairy products and infant formulas.

In this study, the aim was to determine the in vitro calcium bioavailability of different dairy products and to investigate the effect of dry matter, fat, acidity and calcium content on calcium bioavailability of the products. For this purpose, the dry matter, fat, acidity and calcium content of different kinds of milk, yogurt, cheese and infant formulas were analysed. Then, calcium bioavailability of products was determined by an in vitro method that involves simulating gastrointestinal digestion of the product with pepsin-HCl and pancreatin-biliary salts, and then measuring the fraction of element that dialyses through a membrane of a certain pore size.

Effects of drying process on antioxidant activity of purple carrots.

Purple carrot was analysed for its antioxidant activity by measuring its scavenging effect on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The amount of purple carrot necessary to decrease by 50% the initial DPPH concentration (EC50) was found 30.23 +/- 5.

Radical scavenging and iron-chelating activities of some greens used as traditional dishes in Mediterranean diet.

This study aimed at evaluating the antioxidative activity of nine different families of greens. Raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish), Anchusa azurea (bugloss), Daucus carota (wild carrot), Sonchus oleraceus (sowthistle), Papaver rhoeas (corn poppy), Malva sylvestris (blue mallow), Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Cichorium intybus (chicory) and Salicornia europaea (jointed glasswort) are native to the Mediterranean and are commonly consumed as a salad or an ingredient in some recipes. The antioxidative activities, including the radical scavenging effects, inhibition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), and Fe(2+)-chelating activity, were studied.