Bovine serum albumin-mediated synthesis and quorum sensing inhibitory properties of Ag-AgS nanoparticles.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a density-dependent chemical process of cell-to-cell communication in which certain signals are activated, leading to the coordination of pathogenic behaviors and the regulation of virulence in bacteria. Inhibition of QS can prevent biofilm formation and reduce virulence behaviors of bacteria. Herein, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated silver nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag-AgS@BSA NPs) were synthesized and studied as an anti-QS agent.

Biocompatible non-leachable antimicrobial polymers with a nonionic hyperbranched backbone and phenolic terminal units.

This work aimed to develop biocompatible non-leachable antimicrobial polymers without ionic structures. A series of nonionic hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) with an isatin-based backbone and phenolic terminal units were synthesized and characterized. The molecular structures and thermal properties of the obtained HBPs were characterized by SEC, NMR, FTIR, TGA and DSC analyses.

Green and Facile Synthesis of Pullulan-Stabilized Silver and Gold Nanoparticles for the Inhibition of Quorum Sensing.

Pullulan (Pull) decorated with monodisperse Ag and Au nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized by a simple and green method. Samples were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, NMR, XRD, TGA, SEM, XPS, DLS, and TEM. SEM images showed highly oriented microforms reported for the first time for Pull, because of the supramolecular self-assembling behavior of Pull chains.

Synthesis, Enzymatic Degradation, and Polymer-Miscibility Evaluation of Nonionic Antimicrobial Hyperbranched Polyesters with Indole or Isatin Functionalities.

Most macromolecular antimicrobials are ionic and thus lack miscibility/compatibility with nonionic substrate materials. In this context, nonionic hyperbranched polyesters (HBPs) with indole or isatin functionality were rationally designed, synthesized, and characterized. Antimicrobial disk diffusion assay indicated that these HBPs showed significant antibacterial activity against 8 human pathogenic bacteria compared to small molecules with indole or isatin groups.

Evaluation of the role of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway-associated novel mutations and gene expression on antioxidant status in patients with deep vein thrombosis.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thromboembolism and a clinically complex vascular disease. Oxidative stress serves a key role in the pathogenesis of numerous cardiovascular diseases, particularly in endothelial dysfunction-associated syndromes. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-like 2(Nrf2) transcription factor is the primary regulator of antioxidant responses.

Usage of natural chitosan membrane obtained from insect corneal lenses as a drug carrier and its potential for point of care tests.

Chitosan is an indispensable biopolymer for use as a drug carrier thanks to its non-toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible, antimicrobial, and anti-oxidative nature. In previous studies, chitosan was first dissolved into weak acids and formed into gel, then used for carrying pharmaceutically active compounds such as nanoparticles, capsules, composites, and films. Using the produced chitosan gel after dissolving it in weak acids has advantages, such as ease of processing for loading the required amount of active substance and making the desired shape and size.

Investigation the potential use of silver nanoparticles synthesized by propolis extract as N-acyl-homoserine lactone-mediated quorum sensing systems inhibitor.

Background/aim: Quorum sensing (QS) is a chemical communication process that bacteria use to regulate virulence. Inhibition of QS (antiQS) overcomes the pathogenicity of bacteria. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used as antimicrobials against pathogens, but have not been used against QS-mediated bacterial infection.

Production of novel chia-mucilage nanocomposite films with starch nanocrystals; An inclusive biological and physicochemical perspective.

In the current study, chia mucilage composite films with starch nanocrystals (3% and 6%) were produced. The films were analyzed physicochemically (FT-IR, AFM, TGA, DSC), mechanically (Tensile strength and contact angle) and biologically (antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity) properties. The incorporation of starch nanocrystals was confirmed through FT-IR spectra showing broad OH peak and CO stretching and shift in NH bending vibrations to the lower wave number.

Potential use of kraft and organosolv lignins as a natural additive for healthcare products.

The growing interest in substituting synthetic products coming from non-renewable sources with products from biomass has focused attention on the lignin biopolymer. Its high availability, low price and properties make the development of new and valuable uses for lignin interesting, thus improving the economic and environmental aspects of the biomass conversion. To achieve this objective, the potential use of industrial kraft and organosolv lignins as antioxidants, antimicrobials and sunscreen products has been evaluated.

Supplementing capsaicin with chitosan-based films enhanced the anti-quorum sensing, antimicrobial, antioxidant, transparency, elasticity and hydrophobicity.

In the current study, capsaicin, a plant alkaloid with high antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anticancer and analgesic properties, was used in the film technology for the first time. In the same regard, chitosan (as a versatile animal-based polymer) was blended with capsaicin at three different concentrations to obtain edible films. The produced films were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and DSC.

False flax (Camelina sativa) seed oil as suitable ingredient for the enhancement of physicochemical and biological properties of chitosan films.

To overcome the drawbacks of synthetic films in food packaging industry, researchers are turned to natural bio-based edible films enriched with various plant additives. In current study chitosan blend films were produced by incorporating Camelina sativa seed oil at varying concentrations to chitosan matrix. The chitosan blend films were characterized both physicochemically (structural, morphological, thermal, optical and mechanical) and biologically (antimicrobial and antioxidant activity).

Effect of different animal fat and plant oil additives on physicochemical, mechanical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan films.

Practical application of chitosan-essential oil blend films is limited due to the uneconomical extraction procedure of essential oils from plants. This study aimed to produce chitosan films blended with low cost and commercially available oils and fats consumed in daily human diet (olive, corn and sunflower oils, butter and animal fats). The study also focused on how physicochemical, biological and mechanical properties of chitosan blend films were influenced by the incorporation of oils and fats with varying unsaturation degrees.

Diatomite as a novel composite ingredient for chitosan film with enhanced physicochemical properties.

Practical applications of biopolymers in different industries are gaining considerable increase day by day. But still, these biopolymers lack important properties in order to meet the industrial demands. In the same regard, in the current study, chitosan composite films are produced by incorporating diatomite soil at two different concentrations.

Cellulose-Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites as Biomacromolecular Quorum-Sensing Inhibitor.

The aim of this study was to develop simple cellulose nanocomposites that can interfere with the quorum-sensing (QS)-regulated physiological process of bacteria, which will provide a sustainable and inexpensive solution to the serious challenges caused by bacterial infections in various products like food packaging or biomedical materials. Three cellulose nanocomposites with 1-5 w% octadecylamine-modified montmorillonite (ODA-MMT) were prepared by regeneration of cellulose from ionic liquid solutions in the presence of ODA-MMT suspension. Structural characterization of the nanocomposites showed that the ODA-MMT can be exfoliated or intercalated, depending on the load level of the nanofiller.

Chitosan nanoparticles enhances the anti-quorum sensing activity of kaempferol.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density dependent expression of species in bacteria mediated by compounds called autoinducers (AI). Several processes responsible for successful establishment of bacterial infection are mediated by QS. Inhibition of QS is therefore being considered as a new target for antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Kaempferol loaded lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles: preparation, characterization, and their potential applications as a sustainable antifungal agent.

Flavonoid compounds are strong antioxidant and antifungal agents but their applications are limited due to their poor dissolution and bioavailability. The use of nanotechnology in agriculture has received increasing attention, with the development of new formulations containing active compounds. In this study, kaempferol (KAE) was loaded into lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles (LC NPs) to determine antifungal activity compared to pure KAE against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporium to resolve the bioavailability problem.