Co-Innervation of Triceps Brachii Muscle with Variant Branch of Ulnar Nerve.

Aim: To evaluate the existence of nerve innervation of the triceps brachii muscle via the ulnar nerve and its clinical importance in terms of nerve transfer or susceptibility to iatrogenic injuries during surgical procedures.

Material And Methods: Thirty-five skeletally mature upper extremities of adult cadavers were included in the present study. The ulnar nerve was revealed from the medial cord to the distal part of the cubital fossa.

Trifurcation of the tibial nerve within the tarsal tunnel.

The tibial nerve is the larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve and it terminates in the tarsal tunnel by giving lateral and medial plantar nerves. We present a rare case of trifurcation of the tibial nerve within the tarsal tunnel. The variant nerve curves laterally after branching from the tibial nerve and courses deep to quadratus plantae muscle.

Topographical anatomy of cricothyroid membrane and its relation with invasive airway access.

Cricothyroidotomy is a surgical procedure involving penetration through the skin and cricothyroid membrane to maintain airway patency during life-threatening emergency conditions. Complications such as bleeding and laryngeal stenosis can result from it. Our aim in this study was to identify the anatomical structures located on the membrane and to ascertain whether there is a safe area on the membrane for this procedure.

The ratios of 2nd to 4th digit may be a predictor of schizophrenia in male patients.

The production of androgens (mostly testosterone) during the early fetal stage is essential for the differentiation of the male brain. Some authors have suggested a relationship between androgen exposure during the prenatal period and schizophrenia. These two separate relationships suggest that digit length ratios are associated with schizophrenia in males.

Distribution of the hypoglossal nerve at the base of the tongue and its clinical importance in radiofrequency ablation therapy.

Aim: To identify the course of the hypoglossal nerve at the base of tongue and to determine a safe area for the placement ofradiofrequency ablation therapy (RAT) probes to protect the nerve trunk from any damage.

Materials And Methods: Anatomical structures located at the base of the tongue were investigated in 10 cadaveric human half-heads. On the base of our landmarks, which are clinically important sign points, measurements were made.

Blood supply of the terminal part of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve.

Purpose: The external laryngeal nerve (ELN) carries motor fibers to the cricothyroid and inferior pharyngeal muscles. Damage to the nerve may cause symptoms such as a monotone voice. One reason for these symptoms may be nerve injury due to inadvertent stretching, ligation or transaction of the nerve during the dissection of the superior pole of the thyroid gland.

Piriformis syndrome: a case with non-discogenic sciatalgia.

Piriformis syndrome is a clinical picture of non-discogenic sciatica caused by compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle. It has variable etiologies and the patho-physiology is not fully understood. The major etiology was known to be the spasm, edema and inflammation of the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve compression of the muscle later on.

A detailed study of the relationship between the external laryngeal nerve and superior thyroid artery, including its glandular branches.

The external layrngeal nerve (ELN) may be at risk during thyroidectomy. Because the relationship between the ELN and superior thyroid artery (STA) can be variable, we aimed to investigate their relationship in detail. In human cadavers, 81 ELN and STA and their branches were carefully dissected.

Branching pattern of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and its clinical importance.

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve gives off many branches above the upper pole of the thyroid gland. Differentiating the branch innervating the cricothyroid muscle from the others may be important during surgery. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the branching pattern of this nerve in detail.

Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve in human fetuses.

Objective: To observe the course of the marginal mandibular branch (MMB) and its relation to the inferior border of the mandible and facial vessels.

Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey from February 2009 to April 2010. The 44 hemi-face specimens of 22 fetuses were selected for this study, and dissected under a stereomicroscope.