On the design of a macro-micro parallel manipulator for cochlear microrobot operations.

Background: The method of stem cell transfer to narrow cochlear canals in vivo to generate hair cells is still an unclear operation. Thus, the development of any possible method that will ensure the usage of medical microrobots in small cochlear workspaces is a challenging procedure.

Methods: The current study tries to introduce a macro-micro manipulator system composed of a 6-DoF industrial serial manipulator as a macro manipulator and a proposed 5-DoF parallel manipulator with dual end effectors as a micro manipulator carrying permanent magnets for tetherless microrobot actuation inside the cochlea.

Structural design of a positioning spherical parallel manipulator to be utilized in brain biopsy.

Background: During the last decades, there has been a great increase in the usage of robotic systems during surgeries in order to reach increased operational precision, reduced operation times, enhanced recovery periods, low infection risks, and limited scar formations for aesthetic reasons. In light of this, the current study focuses on the field of robotic surgery by introducing the kinematic structure of the precise robotic positioning manipulator for brain biopsy.

Methodology: Throughout the study, two degrees of freedom spherical parallel robot manipulator was proposed in order to position brain biopsy needle precisely during the brain biopsy operation on the target workspace.

Splenic artery embolization with Ankaferd blood stopper in a sheep model.

Purpose: Splenic artery embolization is a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure utilized in a number of disorders. Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) is a novel hemostatic agent with a new mechanism of action independent of clotting factors. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficiency of ABS for splenic artery embolization in a sheep model.

Ultrasound validation of Trendelenburg positioning to increase internal jugular vein cross-sectional area in chronic dialysis patients.

Background And Aim: Trendelenburg positioning (TP) is a common approach used during internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation. No evidence indicates that TP significantly increases the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the IJV or decreases the overlap between the carotid artery (CA) and the IJV in dialysis patients. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the TP on the CSA of the right IJV and on its relationship to the CA.

Inframammarial Giant Fibroadenoma Removing and a Nipple-sparing Breast Reconstruction in an Adolescent: A Case Report.

Fibroadenomas are common, benign breast tumors that usually affect women in the second and third decade of life. Giant fibroadenomas often cause significant concern for the patient or family regarding malignant potential and altered breast development. Most fibroadenomas are benign.

Comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient values among different MRI platforms: a multicenter phantom study.

Purpose: We aimed to compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values among magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners from different vendors.

Materials And Methods: We used a custom-made phantom solution consisting of distilled water, 0.9% NaCl, 25% NaCl, and shampoo for diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) examinations.

Relationship between the right internal jugular vein and carotid artery at ipsilateral head rotation.

Ultrasound-guided right internal jugular vein catheterization (RIJV) should be the first choice to decrease the catheter-related complications in high-risk hemodialysis patients. For this procedure, clinicians should identify the optimum positions of the RIJV, including its lower overlap with the carotid artery (CA) and high cross-sectional area of the vein. The aim of this prospective randomized study to evaluate the effects of mild ipsilateral head rotation combined with Trendelenburg position on RIJV cross-sectional area and its relation to the CA in adult patients.

Cortical and cerebellar atrophy, but no lesion in a patient with neuro-Behçet's disease.

Neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) is a rare clinical entity. There are no reports about cortical atrophy in NBD. We report a patient with NBD exhibiting only cortical and cerebellar atrophy without any lesions.

Phenotyping of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using the modified Bhalla scoring system for high-resolution computed tomography.

Background: Identifying different phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is important for both therapeutic options and clinical outcome of the disease.

Objective: To characterize the phenotypes of COPD according to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings; and to correlate HRCT scores obtained using the modified Bhalla scoring system with clinical and physiological indicators of systemic inflammation.

Methods: The present study included 80 consecutive patients with stable COPD.

An unexpected cause of pleural effusion in paediatric emergency medicine.

Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is an uncommon complication of chronic pancreatitis leading to a large and recurrent pleural effusion. Since the patients presented predominantly with respiratory symptoms, diagnosis and treatment were often delayed. We describe a child who was admitted to our paediatric emergency department with an acute onset of dyspnoea and unilateral massive pleural effusion caused by PPF.

Optimal angle of needle entry for internal jugular vein catheterization with a neutral head position: a CT study.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the optimal angle of needle entry in the sagittal plane for internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization with the central approach while the head is in the neutral position.

Methods: The contrast-enhanced carotid artery computed tomography angiographies of 123 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed. The point of merger between the sternal and clavicular heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was assumed as a clinical entry (CE) point.

Left femoral vein is a better choice for cannulation in children: a computed tomography study.

Background: Central venous catheters are often required in emergency rooms and intensive care and/or those undergoing major surgical procedures. In this study, we aimed to gain a better understanding of the anatomy of the femoral vessel in relation to central venous cannulation.

Methods: The right and left (total of 180) femoral veins (FVs) of 90 consecutive pediatric patients were retrospectively evaluated using computed tomography images.

Short-term effects of Ankaferd hemostat for renal artery embolization: an experimental study.

Purpose: Renal artery embolization (RAE) is a minimally invasive therapeutic technique that is utilized in a number of disorders. Ankaferd is a novel hemostatic agent with a new mechanism of action independent of clotting factors. We used Ankaferd for RAE in a sheep model.

Congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities in adults detected by gated cardiac multidetector computed tomography: clefts, aneurysms, diverticula and terminology problems.

Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities (clefts, aneurysms and diverticula), describe and illustrate imaging features, discuss terminology problems and determine their prevalence detected by cardiac CT in a single center.

Materials And Methods: Coronary CT angiography images of 2093 adult patients were evaluated retrospectively in order to determine congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities.

Results: The incidence of left ventricular clefts (LVC) was 6.

Predictors of kidney dimensions measured by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) in 930 middle-aged and elderly patients.

Purpose: A few studies investigated renal size using computed tomography (CT) in middle-aged and elderly patients while taking renal function into account. Thus, we aimed to assess kidney dimensions and their predictors in patients without known renal disease by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT).

Methods: This is a 6-month-long prospective observational study.

Vapocoolant spray vs lidocaine/prilocaine cream for reducing the pain of venipuncture in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Objective: Patients undergoing hemodialysis are repeatedly exposed to stress and pain from approximately 300 punctures per year to their arteriovenous fistula. This study was designed to measure pain associated with venepuncture during AVF cannulation and to compare the effectiveness of ethyl chloride vapocoolant spray, topical eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream and placebo in controlling pain caused by venepuncture of arteriovenous fistula patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study, included 41 patients undergoing conventional hemodialysis three times a week.

Relationship between color M-mode echocardiography flow propagation and cardiac iron load on MRI in patients with thalassemia major.

Purpose: Myocardial iron overload remains an important problem and results in cardiac dysfunction in patients with thalassemia major (TM). The ratio of color M-mode flow propagation velocity to early diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E/Vp) in echocardiography is a marker of increased left ventricular filling pressure, which is independent of preload, afterload, and heart rate. We examined the relationship between E/Vp and iron loading in patients with TM using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).