Perioperative Delta Weight and Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Resolution after Adenotonsillectomy.

Objective(s): The first-line treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is adenotonsillectomy. Post-operative weight gain is a well-documented phenomenon. We hypothesized that higher peri-adenotonsillectomy delta weight correlates with lower rates of OSA resolution in pediatric patients.

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Optimal surgical and medical management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) requires clinically reliable identification of patterns and sites of upper airway obstruction. A wide variety of modalities has been used to evaluate upper airway obstruction. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) and cine MRI are increasingly used to identify upper airway obstruction sites, to characterize airway obstruction patterns, to determine optimum medical and surgical treatment, and to plan individualized surgical management.

Advanced Diagnostic Techniques in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Optimal surgical and medical management of obstructive sleep apnea requires clinically reliable identification of patterns and sites of upper airway obstruction. A wide variety of modalities have been used to evaluate upper airway obstruction. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) and cine MRI are increasingly used to identify upper airway obstruction sites, to characterize airway obstruction patterns, to determine optimum medical and surgical treatment, and to plan individualized surgical management.

Outcomes of Injection Laryngoplasty for Deep Interarytenoid Groove.

 Deep interarytenoid groove (DIG) may cause swallowing dysfunction in children; however, the management of DIG has not been established.  We evaluated the subjective and objective outcomes of interarytenoid augmentation with injection in children with DIG.  Consecutive children under 18 years of age who underwent injection laryngoplasty for DIG were reviewed.

The Effect of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy on Upper Airway Obstruction Patterns in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

 Alterations in upper airway flow dynamics and sites of airway obstruction immediately after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (TA) have not been assessed. Identification of the changes in airway obstruction patterns after TA potentially improves the surgical management of children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).  To evaluate the effect of TA on upper airway obstruction patterns detected with drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE).

Estimated Probability Distribution of Bleeding After Pediatric Tonsillectomy: A Retrospective National Cohort Study of US Children.

Importance: The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation has recommended yearly surgeon self-monitoring of posttonsillectomy bleeding rates. However, the predicted distribution of rates to guide this monitoring remain unexplored.

Objective: To use a national cohort of children to estimate the probability of bleeding after pediatric tonsillectomy to guide surgeons in self-monitoring of this event.

Estimations of Inpatient and Ambulatory Pediatric Tonsillectomy in the United States: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

Objective: To estimate the incidence of inpatient and ambulatory pediatric tonsillectomies in the United States in 2019.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project databases.

Tinnitus Triggered by a Cerebellopontine Arachnoid Cyst in an Adolescent.

BACKGROUND Tinnitus can be a symptom of a wide range of disorders. The identification and treatment of the underlying condition is essential for management of tinnitus in children. Tinnitus can occur with medical conditions other than sensorineural hearing loss.

A Fractured Tracheostomy Tube Causing Airway Compromise.

BACKGROUND A wide variety of emergency scenarios associated with tracheostomy tubes have been reported in patients with complex airway disease. Fracture of a tracheostomy tube is a rare complication with a potential for catastrophic outcome. The aim of this case report is to present clinical features and management of airway compromise due to a fractured tracheostomy tube in a patient with subglottic and tracheal stenosis.

Sudden anosmia and ageusia in a child: A COVID-19 case report.

Objective: COVID-19 in children has a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe illness and death. The recognition of COVID-19 in children has been challenging due to overlap with symptoms of common respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections. We describe isolated sudden anosmia and ageusia as an uncommon clinical presentation of a child with COVID-19.

Recurrent Epistaxis and Unilateral Intranasal Mass in A Teenager.

BACKGROUND Epistaxis in children is a common problem encountered in outpatient clinics and emergency departments. A wide variety of conditions may cause recurrent epistaxis in children. We describe clinical, radiologic, and histologic features of a lobular capillary hemangioma presenting as a rapidly growing intranasal mass in a child with recurrent epistaxis.

The Effect of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy on Isolated Sleep Associated Hypoventilation in Children.

Objective: Sleep associated hypoventilation (SAH) is diagnosed when more than 25% of total sleep time (%TST) is spent with end tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO ) > 50 mmHg. SAH in children occurs as a single entity or combined with obstructive sleep apnea. Outcomes of surgical treatment for isolated SAH in children have not been reported.

Outcomes of Tongue Base Reduction and Lingual Tonsillectomy for Residual Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea after Adenotonsillectomy.

 Upper airway obstruction at multiple sites, including the velum, the oropharynx, the tongue base, the lingual tonsils, or the supraglottis, has been resulting in residual obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (TA). The role of combined lingual tonsillectomy and tongue base volume reduction for treatment of OSA has not been studied in nonsyndromic children with residual OSA after TA.  To evaluate the outcomes of tongue base volume reduction and lingual tonsillectomy in children with residual OSA after TA.

Subcutaneous Lobular Capillary Hemangioma Presenting as a Facial Mass.

Lobular capillary hemangioma is a benign lesion of the skin and mucous membranes. Subcutaneous lobular capillary hemangioma presents as a deeper nodule. Lack of the characteristic surface changes of this subtype of lobular capillary hemangioma makes the clinical diagnosis challenging.

Epidermoid cyst of the uvula in a child.

Objective: Epidermoid cysts are rarely located in the uvula. To date, epidermoid cyst of the uvula has not been reported in a child at preschool age. We present clinical and histopathological characteristics of an epidermoid cyst in a child with uvula mass.

A rare cause of tonsil mass in a child: Lymphoid polyp.

Objective: Solitary mass lesions of the palatine tonsils are rare in children. While a tonsillar mass can be concerning for a neoplasm, benign conditions may present with a mass arising from the surface of the palatine tonsils in children. We describe clinical and histopathological characteristics of a lymphoid polyp in a child with unilateral tonsillar mass.

Recurrent unilateral facial nerve palsy in a child with dehiscent facial nerve canal.

Objective: The dehiscent facial nerve canal has been well documented in histopathological studies of temporal bones as well as in clinical setting. We describe clinical and radiologic features of a child with recurrent facial nerve palsy and dehiscent facial nerve canal.

Methods: Retrospective chart review.

Risk factors for residual obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy in children.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the prevalence of residual obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children who had adenotonsillectomy (AT) and to identify the risk factors for residual OSA after AT.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Children with OSA who had AT at a tertiary care children's hospital were reviewed.