Antiparasitic Activities of Plants from the Traditional Senegalese Pharmacopoeia: Isolation of Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial ellagic acid derivatives from Terminalia avicennioides.

Parasitic diseases such as trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis pose significant health challenges in Africa. The Senegalese Pharmacopoeia, known for its many medicinal plants with anti-infectious properties, can be a source of antiparasitic natural products. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antiparasitic activities of 33 methanolic extracts from 24 ethnopharmacologically selected plants against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Leishmania mexicana mexicana, as well as their cytotoxic activities on WI-38 cells.

Preoperative mortality risk evaluation in abdominal surgical emergencies: development and internal validation of the NDAR score from a national multicenter audit in Senegal.

Introduction: Abdominal surgical emergencies have a high mortality rate. Effective management primarily relies on the early identification of patients at high risk of postoperative complications. The objective of our study was to determine the prognostic factors associated with poor outcomes from abdominal surgical emergencies in Senegal and to establish a predictive score for mortality for preoperative risk evaluation (NDAR (New Death Assessment Risk) score).

Working horse welfare in Senegal is linked to owner's socioeconomic status, their attitudes and belief in horse sentience.

The role that working equids play in both rural and urban communities in low and middle-income countries is invaluable. They contribute to daily tasks such as carrying food, water and people, support income generation, and are of social and cultural importance. Despite their importance, global standards of working equid welfare are low.

Green Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Based on Leaves Extract of .

This study focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extract of leaves. The extraction was done using maceration at room temperature in water for 48 h. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by IR, XRD, TEM, and SEM.

Antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal and anti-coronavirus activities of benzophenanthridine alkaloids and other specialized metabolites isolated from the root bark of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) B.Zepernick & Timler.

Strong antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities were highlighted for the crude methanolic extract (IC = 0.61 and 2.15 μg/mL, respectively) of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.

Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer activities on cervical cancer cell lines and aero-digestive extract of .

The phytochemical screening showed that the (MO) extract contained many compounds such as polyphenols, polyterpenes, sterols, reducing sugars, and hydrolysates tannins. The MICs of MO extract for microbial strains is 0.73 mg/ml for , , 7.

Lymphocytic Lymphoma Transforming into Hodgkin Lymphoma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Report and Literature Review.

The Hodgkin variant Richter syndrome (HvRS) is an infrequent complication occurring in 1% of lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. We report a case of HvRS diagnosed in Sub-Saharan Africa. A 63-year-old patient was consulted for the investigation of an abdominal mass that had been evolving for 5 years prior to admission.

Morbidity and Mortality Associated with COVID-19 and Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease Patients.

SUMMARYCOVID-19 infection has emerged as a comorbidity that can significantly increase morbidity and mortality in sickle cell patients with ACS (acute thoracic/chest syndrome). The aim of our study was to assess COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality in sickle cell patients with ACS. This was a retrospective, descriptive study of patient records followed over a 36-month period from January 2020 to December 2022.

Two decades of molecular surveillance in Senegal reveal rapid changes in known drug resistance mutations over time.

Background: Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is a major threat to malaria control efforts. Pathogen genomic surveillance could be invaluable for monitoring current and emerging parasite drug resistance.

Methods: Data from two decades (2000-2020) of continuous molecular surveillance of P.

Determinants of the haemoglobin level in patients with sickle cell disease living in sub-Saharan Africa: Major impact of the country of residence and independent effects of leucocyte and platelet counts and haemolysis.

The degree of anaemia in sickle cell disease (SCD) is a well-known contributor to morbidity and mortality. We aimed to explore the factors affecting haemoglobin (Hb) level in African SCD patients, considering haemolysis biomarkers (LDH and bilirubin level, and reticulocyte count), leucocyte and platelet counts and socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age group, country of residence and BMI). The research was part of the CADRE multinational cohort and involved 3699 SCD patients living in Mali, Senegal, Ivory Coast, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon and Cameroon: 2936 SS/Sβ0, 587 SC and 176 Sβ + patients with median Hb level of 8, 11.

A Case of Rosai-Dorfman Disease Successfully Treated by Corticotherapy.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a benign histiocytic proliferation that results in nodal and extranodal involvements. It is a rare disease, with fewer than 1,000 cases reported in the literature, which explains its lack of knowledge by physicians and the lack of codified therapeutic strategies. We report the case of an 8-year-old girl who presented a rapidly progressive cervical lymph node mass; the diagnosis of RDD was made based on histology and immunohistochemistry.

Host influence on the eukaryotic virome of sympatric mosquitoes and abundance of diverse viruses with a broad host range.

Mosquitoes harbor a large diversity of eukaryotic viruses. Those viromes probably influence mosquito physiology and the transmission of human pathogens. Nevertheless, their ecology remains largely unstudied.

Effects of plant extracts and derivatives on cardiac K, Nav, and Ca channels: a review.

Natural products (NPs) are endless sources of compounds for fighting against several pathologies. Many dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias have their modes of action regulation of the concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell targeting ion channels. Here, we highlight plant extracts and secondary metabolites' effects on the treatment of related cardiac pathologies on hERG, Nav, and Cav of cardiomyocytes.

Antibacterial and anti-coronavirus investigation of selected Senegalese plant species according to an ethnobotanical survey.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Senegal, upper and lower respiratory tract infections constitute a real health problem. To manage these disorders, most people rely on the use of local medicinal plants. This is particularly the case for species belonging to the botanical families, Combretaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae, which are widely used to treat various respiratory problems such as colds, flu, rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis, angina, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and also pneumonia.

Quality assessment of malaria microscopic diagnosis at the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital of Dakar, Senegal, in 2020.

Background: Following WHO guidelines, microscopy is the gold standard for malaria diagnosis in endemic countries. The Parasitology-Mycology laboratory (LPM) is the National Reference Laboratory and is currently undergoing ISO 15189 accreditation. In this context, we assessed the performance of the laboratory by confirming the reliability and the accuracy of results obtained in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 15189 standards.

Animal trypanosomosis eliminated in a major livestock production region in Senegal following the eradication of a tsetse population.

African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) was one of the main disease-related constraints to the development of intensive livestock production systems in the Niayes region of Senegal, a 30 km wide strip of land along the coast between Dakar and Saint-Louis. To overcome this constraint, the Government of Senegal initiated an area-wide integrated pest management programme combining chemical control tactics with the sterile insect technique to eradicate a population of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank, 1949 (Diptera, Glossinidae) in this area. The project was implemented following a phased conditional approach, and the target area was divided into three blocks treated sequentially.

Advances Toward Amphidinolides C, F and U: Isolations, Synthetic Studies and Total Syntheses.

Amphidinolides C, F, and U, including C2-C4 analogs, are highly cytotoxic marine macrolides, mainly isolated from dinoflagellates of the genus Amphidinium. All these polyketides share a 75 % or more similar structure, highlighted by a macrolactone ring, at least one trans-2,5-substituted-THF motif and a characteristic polyenic side chain. From their isolation and absolute configurational assignment, the total synthesis of these marine macrolides represented an intense challenge to the organic synthesis community over the last 15 years, with around 14 research groups engaged in this inspiring task.

Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Dried Seeds of .

The study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from dried seeds of . The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The essential oil yield was 1.

Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease after Age of 40: Follow-Up of a Cohort of 209 Patients in Senegal, West Africa.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the morbidity and mortality of homozygous sickle cell disease after the age of 40.

Methods: This was a cohort study of 209 patients followed from 1994 to 2022. All hemoglobin electrophoresis-confirmed SS sickle cell patients over 40 years were included.

Potential of several triazene derivatives against DENGUE viruses.

Dengue fever is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), an RNA Flavivirus transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus widespread in tropical, subtropical and also temperate regions. Symptoms range from a simple cold to a severe, life-threatening haemorrhagic fever. According to the WHO, it affects around 390 million people per year.