Diagnosis, Management, and Outcome of Bart's Syndrome Observed in a Sub-Saharan African Country (Senegal, Dakar): 2 Case Reports.

Introduction: Bart's syndrome is an uncommon inherited congenital disorder associating congenital cutaneous aplasia of the extremities and inherited epidermolysis bullosa. Bilateral and symmetrical involvement of the limbs is exceptionally described on black skin. In most cases, the diagnosis is clinical; however, the management remains very difficult and the extended forms are a real therapeutic challenge.

[Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in a HIV-1 infected patient with first-line antiretroviral therapy failure].

Vulvar cancer has been rarely reported in the literature. In young women, it is most often caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), whereas in postmenopausal women, in whom this cancer is more common, it would be caused by estrogen deficiency. Moreover, HIV infection increases the risk of developing vulvar cancer in HIV-positive women as a consequence of the high prevalence of HPV infection in these subjects.

[Epidemiological and anatomoclinical features of scalp tumors in black Africans].

Introduction: In Senegal, the studies on scalp tumors are almost non-existent. The purpose of our study was to determine the epidemiological and anatomoclinical features of scalp tumors in dermatology.

Methods: We conducted a prospective descriptive and analytical study in both Department of Dermatology at Dakar over a period of 16 months (01 March 2014-30 June 2015).

Unusual extra-podal fungal mycetoma with black grains in a Senegalese child.

Mycetoma remains endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions of the "mycetoma belt" including Senegal. It affects more commonly young men in the age group of 20 to 40 years. The foot represents the most commonly affected site.

Epidemiology, clinical features, and associated factors in 78 cases of lichen planus on black skin.

Background: The pathogenesis of lichen planus (LP) is mostly autoimmune, while psychological and infectious factors are recognized to trigger or aggravate the disease. An association with diabetes is reported. Our objective was to determine the epidemio-clinical characteristics of LP and its associated factors.

[Epidemiological, clinical and etiological profile of tinea capitis in adult patients in Dakar, Senegal].

Objective: To determine the epidemiological and etiological profile of tinea capitis in adults in Dakar (Senegal).

Patients And Methods: A 9-month prospective, multicenter, descriptive and analytic study. Patients included were aged over 18 years.

Dermatological emergencies in tropical zones: 189 dermatology cases in Dakar.

to assess : the frequency of emergencies among patients admitted to dermatology departments in Dakar, their most common causes, mortality rate, and the most frequent dermatoses. This one-year prospective study took place in the two reference departments for the treatment of dermatological diseases in Dakar. We have included all patients with a dermatological emergency, regardless of age and gender, as determined by the doctor receiving the patient.

Rare cutaneous tuberculosis in Sub-Saharan Africa developed on discoid lupus erythematous lesion.

Lupus vulgaris is a common presentation of cutaneous tuberculosis (TB), but its ulcerative or vegetating form also called vorax is rare.We report a case of lupus vulgaris in its vorax form, which occurred in a patient with discoid lupus erythematous. A 42-year-old patient monitored for chronic lupus erythematosus consulted again for a facial tumor and fever.

[Multifocal histoplasmosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii in a 22 year-old Senegalese patient without proven immunodepression].

The authors report a case of multifocal African histoplasmosis with polymorphic skin involvement occuring in a patient without proven immunosuppression. He was a young 22-year-old patient from eastern Senegal - but born in Ouganda - who presented with polymorphic skin lesions: ombilicated papulo-nodules, gums and ulcerative and budding lesions. He showed lymphadenopathies without clinical inflammation and with a cheesy appearance of the biopsy but without tuberculosis and also hepatosplenic and bone involvement.

[Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum associated with HIV].

Background: In Senegal, reported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis are often due to Leishmania major. Immunosuppression related to HIV infection contributes to the emergence of leishmaniasis in humans and to cutaneous localization of viscerotropic species. We report the first observed case in Senegal of opportunistic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum associated with HIV.

Worldwide distribution of allelic variation at the progesterone receptor locus and the incidence of female reproductive cancers.

Objectives: Global patterns of the incidence of cancer are often attributed to environmental and lifestyle differences between regions. Less attention has been given to global patterns of allelic variation of genes that may contribute to the risk of developing cancer.

Methods: We genotyped samples from 21 populations for four variants of the progesterone receptor (PR) gene.

Multiple contributors to iron deficiency and anemia in Senegal.

Background: Anemia, especially due to iron deficiency early in pregnancy, has adverse consequences on pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 480 pregnant women in their second trimester was conducted in Senegal's capital, Dakar. Eighty women were selected per health center.

Providing iron/folic acid tablets free of charge improves compliance in pregnant women in Senegal.

Iron (Fe) deficiency and anemia during pregnancy remain highly prevalent in Senegal because of low compliance with Fe supplementation. Improving women's access to supplements may increase compliance. Six prenatal centers in Dakar were randomly assigned to either a control group in which women received routine prenatal visits, including prescriptions to purchase iron/folic acid tablets (IFA) according to the guidelines of the current Senegalese supplementation program (n=112), or to an intervention group in which women received free IFA (n=109) in addition to routine prenatal care.

Experience in control of avian influenza in Africa.

The first outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Africa was confirmed at Kaduna, Nigeria, on 8 February 2006. Within three months, seven other countries on the continent, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Niger and Sudan, were infected. More recently Ghana and Togo became infected.

Determinants of compliance with iron supplementation among pregnant women in Senegal.

Background: Community iron supplementation programmes for pregnant women have lacked effectiveness, partly because of low compliance.

Objective: To determine factors that influence compliance among pregnant women in Senegal.

Design: Two hundred and twenty-one pregnant women, recruited from six health centres in Dakar during their first prenatal visit, were randomly assigned to receive either a prescription to purchase iron/folic acid tablets (control, n = 112) to be taken daily, according to official policy, or to receive free tablets (treatment, n = 109).

[Hysteria in children: Briquet's syndrome (a case report)].

In this case report, the authors studied the difficulties to set up the diagnosis of hysteria in the Briquet's Syndrome. The description presented here is about an eleven years old girl patient without any particular family background and who, after her tonsils have been out against her will, presented a hysteria in the form of Briquet's Syndrome. All the explorations showed no abnormalities.

[Development of African children: influence of the home environment].

The purpose of this report was to show how special features of the African home environment affect child development. Special emphasis was placed on the traditional social structure and the roles of various players. The different stages of development are described in relation to the major social events in African families and communities.

Xerovac: an ultra rapid method for the dehydration and preservation of live attenuated Rinderpest and Peste des Petits ruminants vaccines.

The accepted procedure for the long-term preservation of live viruses and bacteria in vaccines has been lyophilisation. We show that thermolabile viruses can be dehydrated in vitro, within 18 h, in an excipient containing trehalose. We further demonstrate that in the resulting dehydrated state, where the viruses are captive in a metastable glass composed of trehalose, they are capable of resisting 45 degrees C for a period of 14 days with minimal loss of potency.

[Naawtal or the psychopathological aspects of a particular migration].

This study deals with some psycopathological features of naawtal. Naawtal is a Wolof word designating a social practice based on black magic that consists in ostracizing someone to prevent him from competing for a common goal or approaching a loved one. This traditional practice leads to involuntary migration from one place to another in the country.

[Epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in Mali: serologic investigation and initial isolation of strains of Brucella abortus].

The authors report the results of an epidemiological survey of bovine brucellosis in Mali, based on a relatively representative sample of 1,000 serum samples from 236 herds. The prevalence of infection in the herds, established by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was 53% +/- 6.4.