Vitamin D levels of 12-24-month-old healthy children in Turkey who received vitamin D supplementation until the age of one year.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D levels between 12-24 monthold healthy children supplemented with vitamin D (400 IU/day) during the first year.

Methods: Descriptive-sectional study conducted between June 2015, and May 2016, in Istanbul (latitude 41ºN). Children aged 12-24 months followed up by the well-child clinic who had vitamin D supplementation in the first year were included in the study.

Effects of human Umbilical Cord Stem Cells and Granulocyte Colony- Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

Background: Recently, stem cells have been used to facilitate healing in animal models of renal failure induced by acute ischemic and nephrotoxic damage. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been reported to stimulate stem cell mobilization from bone marrow and these cells may contribute to renal repair.

Objectives: In the present study, the effects of G-CSF and stem cell administration as monotherapy or in combination, and the relation of these effects with the duration of therapy, have been investigated in an experimental rat model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced nephrotoxicity.