Building a culture of quality in maternal and newborn health: experience from the quality, equity and dignity network in Ethiopia.

Background: Building a culture of quality is vital for sustaining high-quality healthcare, emphasising shared values and continuous improvement. The Quality Equity and Dignity (QED) network was a global initiative working toward this objective, focusing on maternal and newborn health. This paper aims to describe how QED influenced five identified attributes of quality culture in Ethiopia: leadership, people-centered interventions, collaboration, rewards, and ownership towards building and sustaining a culture of quality in healthcare establishments.

Effective coverage of antenatal care services in Ethiopia: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is a principal component of safe motherhood and reproductive health strategies across the continuum of care. Although the coverage of antenatal care visits has increased in Ethiopia, there needs to be more evidence of effective coverage of antenatal care. The 'effective coverage' concept can pinpoint where action is required to improve high-quality coverage in Ethiopia.

"We don't trust all data coming from all facilities": factors influencing the quality of care network data quality in Ethiopia.

Background: Good quality data are a key to quality health care. In 2017, WHO has launched the Quality of Care Network (QCN) to reduce maternal, newborn and stillbirth mortality via learning and sharing networks. Guided by the principle of equity and dignity, the network members agreed to implement the programme in 2017-2021.

Individual, organizational and system circumstances, and the functioning of a multi-country implementation-focused network for maternal, newborn and child health: Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda.

Better policies, investments, and programs are needed to improve the integration and quality of maternal, newborn, and child health services. Previously, partnerships and collaborations that involved multiple countries with a unified aim have been observed to yield positive results. Since 2017, the WHO and partners have hosted the Quality of Care Network [QCN], a multi-country implementation network focused on improving maternal, neonatal, and child health care.

Strengthening routine health data analysis in Ethiopia: the Operational Research and Coaching for Analysts (ORCA) experience.

Many routine health information systems (RHIS) show persistent gaps between recording and reporting data and their effective use in solving problems. Strengthening RHIS has become a global priority to track and address national health goals. In Ethiopia, the Ministry of Health and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation introduced the Operational Research and Coaching for Analysts (ORCA) capacity development project, co-designed with the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, which delivered training, coaching and mentoring support.

Routine health management information system data in Ethiopia: consistency, trends, and challenges.

: Ethiopia is investing in the routine Health Management Information System. Improved routine data are needed for decision-making in the health sector. : To analyse the quality of the routine Health Management Information System data and triangulate with other sources, such as the Demographic and Health Surveys.

Improving quality and use of routine health information system data in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review.

Background: A routine health information system is one of the essential components of a health system. Interventions to improve routine health information system data quality and use for decision-making in low- and middle-income countries differ in design, methods, and scope. There have been limited efforts to synthesise the knowledge across the currently available intervention studies.

Mortality among pediatric patients on HIV treatment in sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite substantial improvements in accessibility of Anti-Retroviral Treatment (ART), death of children on ART remains a prevailing challenge in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. However, the pooled magnitude of mortality at different ART follow-up periods remains unknown for the region. We estimated the pooled proportion of all-cause mortality for pediatric patients receiving first-line ART at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up period in SSA.

Assessment of Diarrheal Disease Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Children of 6-59 Months Old at Adama District Rural Kebeles, Eastern Ethiopia, January/2015.

Background: Diarrheal disease is the commonchildhood illness and a leading killer of children aged under 5 years, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrheal disease and associated risk factors among children of 6-59 months old at Adama district rural kebeles, Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods: Community based cross sectional study design was conducted in January/2015.

Socioeconomic Status and Hypertension among Teachers and Bankers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background. The social and economic changes taking place in developing countries are influencing the pace at which hypertension and its risk factors are expanding. As opposed to the already established inverse association in developed nations, the association between socioeconomic status and hypertension in developing countries is poor and inconsistent.

Risk of Common Mental Disorders in Relation to Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome among Ethiopian College Students.

Background: The Berlin and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) are simple, validated, and widely used questionnaires designed to assess symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) a common but often unrecognized cause of morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,639 college students to examine the extent to which symptoms of OSAS are associated with the odds of common mental disorders (CMDs). The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to evaluate the presence of CMDs while the Berlin and ESS were used to assess high-risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and excessive daytime sleepiness, respectively.

Psychometric properties and factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire as a screening tool for anxiety and depressive symptoms in a multi-national study of young adults.

Background: Globally, common psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is a widely used questionnaire for screening or detecting common psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability, construct validity and factor structure of the GHQ-12 in a large sample of African, Asian and South American young adults.

Sleep disturbances and quality of life in Sub-Saharan African migraineurs.

Background: Although in the past decade occidental countries have increasingly recognized the personal and societal burden of migraine, it remains poorly understood in Africa. No study has evaluated the impact of sleep disturbances and the quality of life (QOL) in sub-Saharan Africans with migraine.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study evaluating adults, ≥ 18 years of age, attending outpatient clinics in Ethiopia.

Construct validity and factor structure of the pittsburgh sleep quality index and epworth sleepiness scale in a multi-national study of African, South East Asian and South American college students.

Background: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) are questionnaires used to assess sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in clinical and population-based studies. The present study aimed to evaluate the construct validity and factor structure of the PSQI and ESS questionnaires among young adults in four countries (Chile, Ethiopia, Peru and Thailand).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 8,481 undergraduate students.

Major depressive disorder and cardiometabolic disease risk among sub-Saharan African adults.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the extent to which major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cardiometabolic diseases and risk factors.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiologic study of 1924 employed adults in Ethiopia. Structured interview was used to collect sociodemographic data, behavioral characteristics and MDD symptoms using a validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scale.

Sleep Disturbances and Common Mental Disorders in College Students.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) and examine the association of sleep disorders with presence of CMDs.

Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to ascertain demographic information and behavioral characteristics among 2,645 undergraduate students in Ethiopia. Standard questionnaires were used to assess CMDs, evening chronotype, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness.

Daytime Sleepiness, Circadian Preference, Caffeine Consumption and Khat Use among College Students in Ethiopia.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of daytime sleepiness and circadian preferences, and to examine the extent to which caffeine consumption and Khat (a herbal stimulant) use are associated with daytime sleepiness and evening chronotype among Ethiopian college students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,410 college students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information about sleep, behavioral risk factors such as caffeinated beverages, tobacco, alcohol, and Khat consumption.

Predictors of loss to follow-up before HIV treatment initiation in Northwest Ethiopia: a case control study.

Background: In Ethiopia, there is a growing concern about the increasing rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU) in HIV programs among people waiting to start HIV treatment. Unlike other African countries, there is little information about the factors associated with LTFU among pre-antiretroviral treatment (pre-ART) patients in Ethiopia. We conducted a case-control study to investigate factors associated with pre-ART LTFU in Ethiopia.

Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening and diagnosis in East Africa.

Depression is often underdiagnosed and undertreated in primary care settings, particularly in developing countries. This is, in part, due to challenges resulting from lack of skilled mental health workers, stigma associated with mental illness, and lack of cross-culturally validated screening instruments. We conducted this study to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a screen for diagnosing major depressive disorder among adults in Ethiopia, the second most populous country in sub-Saharan Africa.

Good quality sleep is associated with better academic performance among university students in Ethiopia.

Purpose: This study assessed the association of sleep quality with academic performance among university students in Ethiopia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study of 2,173 college students (471 female and 1,672 male) was conducted in two universities in Ethiopia. Students were selected into the study using a multistage sampling procedure, and data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire.

Diagnostic validity of the composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI) depression module in an East African population.

Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the structured Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in diagnosing current major depressive disorder (MDD) among East African adults.

Methods: A sample of 926 patients attending a major referral hospital in Ethiopia participated in this diagnostic assessment study. We used a two-stage study design where participants were first interviewed using an Amharic version of the CIDI and a stratified random sample underwent a follow-up semi-structured clinical interview conducted by a psychiatrist, blinded to the screening results, using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) instrument.

Prevalence and correlates of mental distress among working adults in ethiopia.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of mental distress and its correlates among working Ethiopian adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study of 2,180 individuals (1,316 men and 864 women) was conducted among working adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics of participants.