Publications by authors named "Sebastien Trop"

Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the proton-pump inhibitor pantoprazole on critically ill patients undergoing invasive ventilation, comparing it to a placebo.
  • The trial included 4,821 patients and found that pantoprazole significantly reduced the incidence of clinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding compared to placebo (1.0% vs. 3.5%).
  • However, there was no significant difference in overall mortality rates at 90 days between the pantoprazole group (29.1%) and the placebo group (30.9%).
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Unlabelled: Clinical research in Canada is conducted primarily in "academic" hospitals, whereas most clinical care is provided in "community" hospitals. The objective of this nested observational study was to compare patient characteristics, outcomes, process-of-care variables, and trial metrics for patients enrolled in a large randomized controlled trial who were admitted to academic and community hospitals in Canada.

Design: We conducted a preplanned observational study nested within the Probiotics: Prevention of Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (PROSPECT, a randomized controlled trial comparing probiotics to placebo in mechanically ventilated patients) Research Program.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the effectiveness of probiotics, specifically Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and other infections in critically ill patients in ICUs across North America and Saudi Arabia.
  • A large randomized trial involved 2,653 patients, showing no significant reduction in VAP rates among those receiving probiotics compared to the placebo group (21.9% vs. 21.3%).
  • None of the secondary outcomes, including rates of other infections or mortality, showed improvements, suggesting that probiotics may not offer substantial benefits in this patient population.
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Background: South Asian ethnicity is an independent risk factor for mortality after coronary artery bypass. We tested the hypothesis that this risk results from a greater inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: This was a single-site prospective cohort study.

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The clinical application of hematopoietic progenitor cell-based therapies for the treatment of hematological diseases is hindered by current protocols, which are cumbersome and have limited efficacy to augment the progenitor cell pool. We report that inhibition of T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP), an enzyme involved in the regulation of cytokine signaling, through gene knockout results in a ninefold increase in the number of hematopoietic progenitors in murine bone marrow (BM). This effect could be reproduced using a short (48 hours) treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor of TC-PTP in murine BM, as well as in human BM, peripheral blood, and cord blood.

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Adult bone marrow contains stem cells capable of reconstituting the vascular system. The ordered progression of stem cells and more differentiated endothelial precursor cells through successive developmental stages is tightly controlled. The specialized microenvironment of the bone marrow as well as cell-autonomous processes directs the renewal and differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells.

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Nontraumatic esophageal-atrial fistulas are usually fatal and are diagnosed postmortem. We report a rare case of intraoperative diagnosis and successful surgical management of an esophageal-left atrial fistula in a 70-year-old woman with a history of brachytherapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for esophageal cancer who presented with progressive dysphagia and hematemesis.

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Pre-TCR complexes are thought to signal in a ligand-independent manner because they are constitutively targeted to lipid rafts. We report that ligand-independent signaling is not a unique capability of the pre-TCR complex. Indeed, the TCR alpha subunit restores development of pT alpha-deficient thymocytes to the CD4(+)CD8(+) stage even in the absence of conventional MHC class I and class II ligands.

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