Persistence of commensal multidrug-resistant in the broiler production pyramid is best explained by strain recirculation from the rearing environment.

Despite the success of mitigation policies in several countries to reduce the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine, pathogenic and commensal bacteria resistant to antibiotics are still circulating in livestock animals. However, factors contributing the most to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) persistence in these settings are yet not clearly identified. The broiler production, with its highly segmented, pyramidal structure offers an ideal context to understand and control the spread of resistant bacteria.

The integrase of genomic island GI mediates the mobilization of GI and IS-related element CR2- unit through site-specific recombination.

In the worldwide health threat posed by antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) play a critical role in favoring the dissemination of resistance genes. Among them, the genomic island GI and the IS-related element CR2 unit are believed to participate in this dissemination. However, the mobility of the two elements has not yet been demonstrated.

The shared resistome of human and pig microbiota is mobilized by distinct genetic elements.

The extensive use of antibiotics in hospitals and in the animal breeding industry has promoted antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which resulted in the emergence of a large number of antibiotic resistance genes in the intestinal tract of human and farmed animals. Genetic exchange of resistance genes between the two ecosystems is now well documented for pathogenic bacteria, but the repertoire of shared resistance genes in the commensal bacterial community and by which genetic modules they are disseminated are still unclear. By analyzing metagenomics data of human and pig intestinal samples both collected in Shenzhen, China, a set of 27 highly prevalent antibiotic resistance genes was found to be shared between human and pig intestinal microbiota.

Genetic characterization and potential molecular dissemination mechanism of tet(31) gene in Aeromonas caviae from an oxytetracycline wastewater treatment system.

Recently, the rarely reported tet(31) tetracycline resistance determinant was commonly found in Aeromonas salmonicida, Gallibacterium anatis, and Oblitimonas alkaliphila isolated from farming animals and related environment. However, its distribution in other bacteria and potential molecular dissemination mechanism in environment are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism underlying dissemination of tet(31) by analysing the tet(31)-carrying fragments in A.

A new subclass of intrinsic aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferases, ANT(3")-II, is horizontally transferred among Acinetobacter spp. by homologous recombination.

The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance among Acinetobacter spp. have been investigated extensively. Most studies focused on the multiple antibiotic resistance genes located on plasmids or genomic resistance islands.

Diversity of the Tetracycline Mobilome within a Chinese Pig Manure Sample.

Tetracycline antibiotics are widely used in livestock, and tetracycline resistance genes (TRG) are frequently reported in the manure of farmed animals. However, the diversity of TRG-carrying transposons in manure has still been rarely investigated. Using a culture-free functional metagenomic procedure, combined with large-insert library construction and sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, and functional experiments, we identified 17 distinct TRGs in a single pig manure sample, including two new tet genes: tet(59), encoding a tetracycline efflux pump, and tet(W/N/W), encoding mosaic ribosomal protection.

A multiplayer game: species of Clostridium, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas are responsible for the persistence of antibiotic resistance genes in manure-treated soils.

Antibiotics are routinely used in modern livestock farming. The manure from medicated animals is used for the fertilization of arable crops, which in turn leads to the accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. This is a potentially serious public health issue, yet the identities of the bacterial taxa involved in ARG persistence are as yet undetermined.

Functional characterization and phylogenetic analysis of acquired and intrinsic macrolide phosphotransferases in the Bacillus cereus group.

The Bacillus cereus group is composed of Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria of clinical and ecological importance. More than 200 B. cereus group isolates have been sequenced.