Parasite and Pesticide Impacts on the Bumblebee () Haemolymph Proteome.

Pesticides pose a potential threat to bee health, especially in combination with other stressors, such as parasites. However, pesticide risk assessment tests pesticides in isolation from other stresses, i.e.

Unraveling the Hemolymph, an Indicator of the Immune Response to Microbial Infections, through Complementary Mass Spectrometry Approaches.

Pollinators, including , are crucial for maintaining biodiversity in ecosystems and for agriculture. Deciphering their immune response under stress conditions is a key issue for protecting these populations. To assess this metric, we analyzed the hemolymph as an indicator of their immune status.

Functional Diversification of Oyster Big Defensins Generates Antimicrobial Specificity and Synergy against Members of the Microbiota.

Big defensins are two-domain antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that have highly diversified in mollusks. -BigDefs are expressed by immune cells in the oyster , and their expression is dampened during the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), which evolves toward fatal bacteremia. We evaluated whether -BigDefs contribute to the control of oyster-associated microbial communities.

Transcriptomic, proteomic and ultrastructural studies on salinity-tolerant Aedes aegypti in the context of rising sea levels and arboviral disease epidemiology.

Background: Aedes aegypti mosquito, the principal global vector of arboviral diseases, lays eggs and undergoes larval and pupal development to become adult mosquitoes in fresh water (FW). It has recently been observed to develop in coastal brackish water (BW) habitats of up to 50% sea water, and such salinity tolerance shown to be an inheritable trait. Genomics of salinity tolerance in Ae.

Proteomics of Anatomical Sections of the Gut of -Infected Western Honeybee () Reveals Different Early Responses to spp. Isolates.

Honeybees play an important role in pollinating native plants and agricultural crops and produce valuable hive products. Within the last decade, honeybee colonies have been reported to be in decline, due to both biotic and abiotic stress factors including pathogens and pesticides. This study evaluated the impact of different isolates of spp.

Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of mother-to-egg immune protection in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor.

In a number of species, individuals exposed to pathogens can mount an immune response and transmit this immunological experience to their offspring, thereby protecting them against persistent threats. Such vertical transfer of immunity, named trans-generational immune priming (TGIP), has been described in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Although increasingly studied during the last decade, the mechanisms underlying TGIP in invertebrates are still elusive, especially those protecting the earliest offspring life stage, i.

Insights into the Natural Defenses of a Coral Reef Fish Against Gill Ectoparasites: Integrated Metabolome and Microbiome Approach.

Understanding natural defense mechanisms against parasites can be a valuable tool for the development of innovative therapies. We have previously identified a butterflyfish species ( ) that avoids gill monogenean parasites while living amongst closely related parasitized species. The metabolome and microbiome of several sympatric butterflyfish species from the island of Moorea (French Polynesia) were previously described.

Impact of an Antifungal Insect Defensin on the Proteome of the Phytopathogenic Fungus .

ETD151, an analogue of the antifungal insect defensin heliomicin, is an antifungal peptide active against yeasts and filamentous fungi. To decipher the mechanisms underlying its molecular action on the phytopathogenic fungus , a necrotrophic pathogen responsible for gray mold disease, we investigated the changes in 3 day-old mycelia upon treatment with different concentrations of ETD151. Optical and fluorescence microscopies were used prior to establishing the peptide/protein profiles through two mass spectrometry approaches: MALDI profiling, to generate molecular mass fingerprints as peptide signatures, and a gel-free bottom-up proteomics approach.

MALDI-MS Profiling to Address Honey Bee Health Status under Bacterial Challenge through Computational Modeling.

Honey bees play a critical role in the maintenance of plant biodiversity and sustainability of food webs. In the past few decades, bees have been subjected to biotic and abiotic threats causing various colony disorders. Therefore, monitoring solutions to help beekeepers to improve bee health are necessary.

The Ancestral N-Terminal Domain of Big Defensins Drives Bacterially Triggered Assembly into Antimicrobial Nanonets.

Big defensins, ancestors of β-defensins, are composed of a β-defensin-like C-terminal domain and a globular hydrophobic ancestral N-terminal domain. This unique structure is found in a limited number of phylogenetically distant species, including mollusks, ancestral chelicerates, and early-branching cephalochordates, mostly living in marine environments. One puzzling evolutionary issue concerns the advantage for these species of having maintained a hydrophobic domain lost during evolution toward β-defensins.

Identification of novel molecular targets for endometrial cancer using a drill-down LC-MS/MS approach with iTRAQ.

Background: The number of patients with endometrial carcinoma (EmCa) with advanced stage or high histological grade is increasing and prognosis has not improved for over the last decade. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel molecular targets for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of EmCa, which will have the potential to improve the clinical strategy and outcome of this disease.

Methodology And Results: We used a "drill-down" proteomics approach to facilitate the identification of novel molecular targets for diagnosis, prognosis and/or therapeutic intervention for EmCa.