Evidence-based surgery for cesarean hysterectomy secondary to placenta accreta spectrum: A systematic review.

Objective: In this systematic review, we aim to propose evidence-based management for perioperative care to improve outcomes at the time of planned cesarean hysterectomy for placenta accreta spectrum, a procedure associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity.

Data Sources: We conducted a literature search for studies published in MEDLINE (via Ovid), Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane/CENTRAL up until February 25, 2022. The search included free-text and controlled-vocabulary terms for cesarean section, cesarean delivery, and hysterectomy.

Systemic racism and Non-Hispanic Black to Non-Hispanic White disparities in infant mortality at the county level.

Objective: To use a novel measure of systemic racism to examine its relationship with Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) to Non-Hispanic White (NHW) racial disparities in infant mortality across U.S. counties.

Predicting primary cesarean delivery in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Prediction models have shown promise in helping clinicians and patients engage in shared decision-making by providing quantitative estimates of individual risk of important clinical outcomes. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common complication of pregnancy, which places patients at higher risk of primary CD. Suspected fetal macrosomia diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound is a well-known risk factor for primary CD in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, but tools incorporating multiple risk factors to provide more accurate CD risk are lacking.

Outcomes among Neonates after a Diagnosis of Persistent or Transient Fetal Growth Restriction Delivered at Term.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether transient fetal growth restriction (FGR) that resolves prior to delivery confers a similar risk of neonatal morbidity as uncomplicated FGR that persists at term.

Study Design: This is a secondary analysis of a medical record abstraction study of singleton live-born pregnancies delivered at a tertiary care center between 2002 and 2013. Patients with fetuses that had either persistent or transient FGR and delivered at 38 weeks or later were included.

Frailty as a predictor of delayed initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to identify whether frailty is associated with the time between surgery and the initiation of chemotherapy for patients with ovarian cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients 18 years or older with stage II to IV ovarian cancer who underwent primary debulking surgery at a tertiary medical center between July 2006 and July 2015. Basic demographics and clinical information were obtained from a departmental database and the electronic medical record.

Risk Factors for Progression From Gestational Diabetes to Postpartum Type 2 Diabetes: A Review.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 6% to 8% of pregnancies and up to 50% of women with GDM progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) within 5 years postpartum. Clinicians have little guidance on which women are most at risk for DM progression or when evidence-based prevention strategies should be implemented in a woman's lifecycle. To help address this gap, the authors review identifiable determinants of progression from GDM to DM across the perinatal period, considering prepregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum periods.

Prediction Model for Vaginal Birth After Induction of Labor in Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.

Objective: To identify characteristics associated with vaginal delivery compared with cesarean delivery after labor induction among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and to develop and validate a prediction model to assist in clinical care.

Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort of women with singleton pregnancies who had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and who underwent induction of labor at 34 weeks of gestation or more from January 1, 2002, to March 31, 2013. Exclusion criteria included spontaneous labor, prelabor cesarean delivery, and known fetal anomalies.

Attempted and Successful Vacuum-Assisted Vaginal Delivery by Prepregnancy Body Mass Index.

Objective: To examine rates of attempted and successful vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2,084 women with singleton gestations needing operative delivery assistance and vacuum-eligible (fully dilated, +2 station or greater, 34 weeks of gestation or greater) using 2006-2014 inpatient records. Prepregnancy BMI was categorized as underweight (less than 18.