Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy Using Y- and Lu-DOTATATE Modulating Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation: Longitudinal Monitoring by Ga-DOTATATE Positron Emissions Tomography/Computer Tomography.

Atherosclerosis and its sequels, such as coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular stroke, still represent global health burdens. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis consists of growing calcified plaques in the arterial wall and is accompanied by inflammatory processes, which are not entirely understood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) using Y- and Lu-DOTATATE on atherosclerotic plaque inflammation.

Improved machine learning algorithm for predicting ground state properties.

Finding the ground state of a quantum many-body system is a fundamental problem in quantum physics. In this work, we give a classical machine learning (ML) algorithm for predicting ground state properties with an inductive bias encoding geometric locality. The proposed ML model can efficiently predict ground state properties of an n-qubit gapped local Hamiltonian after learning from only [Formula: see text] data about other Hamiltonians in the same quantum phase of matter.

Comparison of transient and permanent LAD ligation in mice using 18F-FDG PET imaging.

Objective: Animal models for myocardial injuries represent important cornerstones in cardiovascular research to monitor the pathological processes and therapeutic approaches. We investigated the association of 18F-FDG derived left ventricular metabolic volume (LVMV), defect area and cardiac function in mice after permanent or transient ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD).

Methods: Serial non-invasive ECG-gated 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) after permanent or transient LAD ligation enabled a longitudinal in vivo correlation of 18F-FDG derived left ventricular metabolic volume to functional parameters and myocardial defect.

Assessment of left ventricular function with gated myocardial perfusion SPECT and gated myocardial FDG PET in patients with left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony.

Background: Left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) and left ventricular function are intertwined. Gated myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) and gated fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (FDG PET) is an elegant way for repeated assessment of myocardial dyssynchrony and myocardial function. To the knowledge of the authors at the time this manuscript was prepared, there was no comprehensive evaluation of the interplay of LVMD and left ventricular function as measured by gated MPS and gated FDG PET; as well as no evaluation of the agreement between the two methods.

[68Ga]DOTA-TATE PET for the detection of early transplant rejection in a heterotopic allograft heart transplantation model of the rat: a pilot study.

Background: The most important cause of heart transplant loss is early acute allograft rejection, caused by the infiltration of lymphocytes, development of edema and myocardial necrosis. It has been propagated that [68Ga]DOTA-TATE PET might be suitable to quantify the presence of SSTR over-expressing lymphocytes. With heterotopic allogenic heart transplant models in the rat readily available, we aimed to investigate, if monitoring and quantification of acute allograft rejection after heterotopic allogenic heart transplantation was feasible by non-invasive serial [68Ga]DOTA-TATE PET.

Quantitative myocardial perfusion SPECT/CT for the assessment of myocardial tracer uptake in patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease: Initial experiences and results.

Background: To evaluate quantitative myocardial perfusion SPECT/CT datasets for routine clinical reporting and the assessment of myocardial tracer uptake in patients with severe TVCAD.

Methods: MPS scans were reconstructed as quantitative SPECT datasets using CTs from internal (SPECT/CT, Q_INT) and external (PET/CT, Q_EXT) sources for attenuation correction. TPD was calculated and compared to the TPD from non-quantitative SPECT datasets of the same patients.

The assessment of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony from gated Tc-tetrofosmin SPECT and gated F-FDG PET by QGS: a comparative study.

Background: Due to partly conflicting studies, further research is warranted with the QGS software package, with regard to the performance of gated FDG PET phase analysis as compared to gated MPS as well as the establishment of possible cut-off values for FDG PET to define dyssynchrony.

Methods: Gated MPS and gated FDG PET datasets of 93 patients were analyzed with the QGS software. BW, Phase SD, and Entropy were calculated and compared between the methods.

Cardiac 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography: An Accurate Tool to Monitor Metabolic and Functional Alterations in Murine Myocardial Infarction.

Cardiac monitoring after murine myocardial infarction, using serial non-invasive cardiac 18F-FDG positron emissions tomography (PET) represents a suitable and accurate tool for studies. Cardiac PET imaging enables tracking metabolic alterations, heart function parameters and provides correlations of the infarct size to histology. ECG-gated 18F-FDG PET scans using a dedicated small-animal PET scanner were performed in mice at baseline, 3, 14, and 30 days after myocardial infarct (MI) by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery.

Comparison of metabolic and functional parameters using cardiac 18F-FDG-PET in early to mid-adulthood male and female mice.

Background: In this descriptive study of male and female mice at different weeks of age, we use serial non-invasive cardiac 18F-FDG-PET scans to follow up on metabolic alterations, heart function parameters, and the ECG of both sexes in early to mid-adulthood.

Methods: ECG-gated 18F-FDG-PET scans were performed in mice on 10, 14, and 18 weeks of age, using a dedicated small-animal PET scanner. The percentage of the injected activity per gram (%IA/g) in the heart, left ventricular metabolic volume (LVMV), myocardial viability and left ventricular function parameters: end-diastolic (EDV), end-systolic (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and the ejection fraction (EF%) were estimated.

Effects of the Minimal Extrathyroidal Extension on Early Response Rates after (Adjuvant) Initial Radioactive Iodine Therapy in PTC Patients.

Background: Extrathyroidal extension of differentiated thyroid cancer is a poor outcome factor but seems to be less significant in minimal extrathyroidal extension (mETE). However, the impact of mETE on response rate after (adjuvant) initial radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy remains unclear. We therefore compared response rates of patients with classical and follicular variants of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) according to the updated eighth tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification to a control group.

Clinical impact of follicular oncocytic (Hürthle cell) carcinoma in comparison with corresponding classical follicular thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: There are controversial debates if patients with Hürthle cell carcinoma, also known as oxyphilic or oncocytic cell follicular thyroid carcinoma, have a poorer outcome. In this study, we systematically evaluated the clinical outcome in a large patient cohort following thyroidectomy and initial I-131 radioactive iodine therapy (RIT).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a total of 378 patients with diagnosed oncocytic follicular Hürthle cell carcinoma (OFTC) (N = 126) or with classical follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) (N = 252).

Molecular imaging of cardiac CXCR4 expression in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction using a novel Ga-mCXCL12 PET tracer.

Background: The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 have been shown to be a possible imaging and therapeutic target after myocardial infarction (MI). The murine-based and mouse-specific Ga-mCXCL12 PET tracer could be suitable for serial in vivo quantification of cardiac CXCR4 expression in a murine model of MI.

Methods And Results: At days 1-6 after MI, mice were intravenously injected with Ga-mCXCL12.

Left-ventricular innervation assessed by I-SPECT/CT is associated with cardiac events in inherited arrhythmia syndromes.

Aims: Impaired myocardial sympathetic innervation assessed by Iodine-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG) scintigraphy is associated with cardiac events. Since regional disparities of structural abnormalities are common in inherited arrhythmia syndromes (iAS), a chamber-specific innervation assessment of the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) could provide important insights for a patient-individual therapy. Aim of this study was to evaluate chamber-specific patterns of autonomic innervation by Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in patients with iAS with respect to clinical outcome regarding cardiac events.

Long-term outcome of rare oncocytic papillary (Hürthle cell) thyroid carcinoma following (adjuvant) initial radioiodine therapy.

Purpose: Oncocytic (Hürthle cell) papillary thyroid carcinoma (OPTC) is a rare variant of the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) which comprises approximately 1 to 11 % of PTC cases. Its clinical course and prognosis have not been comprehensively documented and the clinical outcome remains a controversial issue. Therefore, we investigated the long-term prognosis after thyroidectomy and (adjuvant) initial radioactive iodine therapy (RIT) of OPTC compared to PTC.

Assessment of right ventricular sympathetic dysfunction in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: An I-metaiodobenzylguanidine SPECT/CT study.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate a novel approach for the quantification of right ventricular sympathetic dysfunction in patients diagnosed with ARVC/D through state-of-the-art functional SPECT/CT hybrid imaging.

Methods: Sympathetic innervation of the heart was assessed using I-MIBG-SPECT/CT in 17 patients diagnosed with ARVC according to the modified task force criteria, and in 10 patients diagnosed with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF). The I-MIBG-uptake in the left (LV) and right ventricle (RV) was evaluated separately based on anatomic information derived from the CT scan, and compared to the uptake in the mediastinum (M).

Correction to: Pre-therapy Somatostatin Receptor-Based Heterogeneity Predicts Overall Survival in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients Undergoing Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy.

The article "Pre-therapy Somatostatin Receptor-Based Heterogeneity Predicts Overall Survival in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients Undergoing Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy," was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal without open access.

Pre-therapy Somatostatin Receptor-Based Heterogeneity Predicts Overall Survival in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients Undergoing Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy.

Purpose: Early identification of aggressive disease could improve decision support in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) patients prior to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). The prognostic value of intratumoral textural features (TF) determined by baseline somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-positron emission tomography (PET) before PRRT was analyzed.

Procedures: Thirty-one patients with G1/G2 pNET were enrolled (G2, n = 23/31).

Monitoring of Cardiac Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Pressure-Overload Left Ventricular Hypertrophy with [F]FDG MicroPET.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the left ventricular function parameters, scar load, and hypertrophy in a mouse model of pressure-overload left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy over the course of 8 weeks using 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG) micro-positron emission tomography (microPET) imaging.

Procedures: LV hypertrophy was induced in C57BL/6 mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Myocardial hypertrophy developed after 2-4 weeks.

Effectiveness of Reduced Radioiodine Activity for Thyroid Remnant Ablation after Total Thyroidectomy in Patients with Low to Intermediate Risk Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Aim: To compare the success rates of radioiodine therapy (RIT) for thyroid remnant ablation (TRA) after the administration of a high-standard activity (3700 MBq; 100 mCi) to a lower-activity regimen of 2000 MBq (54 mCi) I-131 in a cohort of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients (papillary, follicular, mixed, pT1a(m) - pT3, N0 - NX, R0).

Methods: 135 patients received approx. 2000 MBq I-131 (54 mCi) for thyroid remnant ablation after total thyroidectomy for DTC, 137 patients received approx.

Reduced Periprocedural Analgesia After Replacement of Water for Injection with Glucose 5% Solution as the Infusion Medium for 90Y-Resin Microspheres.

Unlabelled: The primary aim of our study was to compare the need for periinterventional on-demand analgesia when water for injection (WFI) was replaced with glucose 5% (G5) for Y-resin microsphere administration.

Methods: Forty-one patients who received 77 radioembolization procedures with G5 (2014-2015) were retrospectively matched with 41 patients (77 radioembolization procedures) who received radioembolization with WFI (2011-2014) at our center. The need for on-demand pain medication was chosen as an objective and accessible measure of periprocedural pain experienced by patients.

Survival prediction in patients undergoing radionuclide therapy based on intratumoral somatostatin-receptor heterogeneity.

The NETTER-1 trial demonstrated significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in neuroendocrine tumors (NET) emphasizing the high demand for response prediction in appropriate candidates. In this multicenter study, we aimed to elucidate the prognostic value of tumor heterogeneity as assessed by somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-PET/CT. 141 patients with SSTR-expressing tumors were analyzed obtaining SSTR-PET/CT before PRRT (1-6 cycles, 177Lu somatostatin analog).

Preliminary experience with dosimetry, response and patient reported outcome after 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer can be targeted by ligands to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). We aimed to evaluate dosimetry, safety and efficacy of 177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).Fifteen patients each received two cycles of 3.