FGF Signaling Regulates Development of the Anterior Fontanelle.

The calvarial bones of the infant skull are connected by transient fibrous joints known as sutures and fontanelles, which are essential for reshaping during birth and postnatal growth. Genetic disorders such as Apert, Pfeiffer, Crouzon, and Bent bone dysplasia linked to variants often exhibit multi-suture craniosynostosis and a persistently open anterior fontanelle (AF). This study leverages mouse genetics and single-cell transcriptomics to determine how regulates closure of the AF closure and its transformation into the frontal suture during postnatal development.

Fibroblast growth factor 2.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor, is a potent stimulator of growth and differentiation in multiple tissues. Its discovery traces back over 50 years ago when it was first isolated from bovine pituitary extracts due to its ability to stimulate fibroblast proliferation. Subsequent studies investigating the genomic structure of FGF2 identified multiple protein isoforms, categorized as the low molecular weight and high molecular weight FGF2.

A screen of small molecule and genetic modulators of life span in female identifies etomoxir, RH5849 and unanticipated temperature effects.

Mifepristone increases life span in female , and its molecular target(s) remain unclear. Here small molecule and genetic interventions were tested for ability to mimic mifepristone, or to decrease life span in a way that can be rescued by mifepristone. Etomoxir inhibits lipid metabolism, and significantly increased life span in virgin and mated females, but not males, at 50 µM concentration.

Mifepristone Increases Life Span in Female Without Detectable Antibacterial Activity.

Mifepristone dramatically increases the life span of mated female while reducing the expression of innate immune response genes. Previous results indicated that mifepristone also reduced the load of aero-tolerant bacteria in mated females. Experiments were conducted to further investigate the possible role of bacteria in mifepristone life span effects.

Which general functional outcome measure does a better job of capturing change in clinical status in pelvic and acetabular fracture patients? An analysis of responsiveness over the first year of recovery.

Objective: To compare the responsiveness of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) physical component score (PCS) to the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) dysfunction index (DI) in pelvic and acetabular fracture patients over multiple time points in the first year of recovery.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Return to Sport After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: a Comprehensive Review of Qualitative Considerations.

Purpose Of Review: Arthroscopic hip surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome has evolved over time and has resulted in significantly improved clinical outcomes. These outcomes can be measured by clinical and radiographic metrics. Return to sport is commonly used as an outcome measure, not only in terms of overall rate but also type of sport, level of competition, and timing of return, as its quantitative definition continues to develop.

Trajectory of Short- and Long-Term Recovery of Tibial Shaft Fractures After Intramedullary Nail Fixation.

Objective: To determine the trajectory of recovery after tibial shaft fracture treated with intramedullary nail over the first 5 years and to evaluate the magnitude of the changes in functional outcome at various time intervals.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: A Level 1 trauma center.