Deep learning identified pathological abnormalities predictive of graft loss in kidney transplant biopsies.

Interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and inflammation are major contributors to kidney allograft failure. Here we sought an objective, quantitative pathological assessment of these lesions to improve predictive utility and constructed a deep-learning-based pipeline recognizing normal vs. abnormal kidney tissue compartments and mononuclear leukocyte infiltrates.

Recent evidence on the effect of treatment of metabolic acid on the progression of kidney disease.

Purpose Of Review: Preclinical and epidemiological studies have shown an association between acidosis and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney fibrosis. This review discusses the recent trials evaluating the effect of treatment of metabolic acidosis on kidney outcomes.

Recent Findings: The emerging evidence suggests that bicarbonate treatment may slow the progression of CKD and reduce the risk of kidney failure.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Effects of Bicarbonate Therapy on Kidney Outcomes.

Aim: Preclinical studies suggest treatment of metabolic acidosis may slow chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. This systematic review aimed to summarize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the benefits and risks of bicarbonate therapy on kidney outcomes.

Methods: Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for RCTs with ≥3 months' follow-up in patients with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≤60 ml/min per 1.

Histological diagnosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced acute renal injury in patients with metastatic melanoma: a retrospective case series report.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have become the standard of care in many oncological conditions but are associated with a spectrum of renal immune-related adverse events (IrAEs). We aimed to describe the spectrum, histology, management and outcomes of renal IrAE in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing ICI therapy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 23 patients with a diagnosis of metastatic melanoma treated with ICI between January 2017 and April 2019 who developed a renal IrAE.

Temporal Change in Blood Group after Bone Marrow Transplant: A Case of Successful ABO-Incompatible Deceased Donor Transplant.

ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation has been successfully utilised in a deceased donor and living donor kidney transplantation to improve organ utilisation and decrease waiting times. We describe a case of a successful, unanticipated ABO-incompatible donation after cardiac death (DCD) kidney transplant in a patient who had a previous ABOi haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and had reverted to his original blood group B, after matching as a blood group A recipient with a blood group A donor. The recipient was unsensitized with a cPRA which was 0% and no donor-specific antibodies and zero HLA mismatch.

Orthostatic Renal Transplant Compression Following Weight Gain Leading to Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: We present a first case of orthostatic renal graft compression and acute kidney injury following weight gain.

Case Report: A 61-year-old male with a second cadaveric transplant presented with acute kidney injury - creatinine rise from 80 to 210 μmol/L (0.90 to 2.

Specialized Roles of Human Natural Killer Cell Subsets in Kidney Transplant Rejection.

Human natural killer (NK) cells are key functional players in kidney transplant rejection. However, the respective contributions of the two functionally distinct human NK cell subsets (CD56 cytokine-producing vs. CD56 cytotoxic effector) in episodes of allograft rejection remain uncertain, with current immunohistochemical methods unable to differentiate these discrete populations.