Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate rates of all-cause pneumonia among "at-risk" and "high-risk" children and adults in Germany-in comparison with age-stratified healthy counterparts-during the period following the 2006 recommendation for universal immunization of infants with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Methods: Retrospective cohort design and healthcare claims information for 3.4 M persons in Germany (2009-2012) were employed.