Visualization and clinical relevance of the endolymphatic duct and sac in Ménière's disease.

Background: Ménière's disease (MD) is a chronic inner ear disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Decreased visualization of the endolymphatic duct (ED) and sac (ES) is thought to be associated with MD, although controversy exists about whether this finding is specific to MD. Recent literature has revealed that two distinct ES pathologies, developmental hypoplasia and epithelial degeneration, can be distinguished in MD using the angular trajectory of the vestibular aqueduct (ATVA) or ED-ES system as a radiographic surrogate marker.

Time Since Stroke Onset, Quantitative Collateral Score, and Functional Outcome After Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Objectives: In patients with ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT), time to treatment and collateral status are important prognostic factors and may be correlated. We aimed to assess the relation between time to CT angiography (CTA) and a quantitatively determined collateral score and to assess whether the collateral score modified the relation between time to recanalization and functional outcome.

Methods: We analyzed data from patients with acute ischemic stroke included in the Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke Registry between 2014 and 2017, who had a carotid terminus or M1 occlusion and were treated with EVT within 6.

Safety and efficacy of aspirin, unfractionated heparin, both, or neither during endovascular stroke treatment (MR CLEAN-MED): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Aspirin and unfractionated heparin are often used during endovascular stroke treatment to improve reperfusion and outcomes. However, the effects and risks of anti-thrombotics for this indication are unknown. We therefore aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of intravenous aspirin, unfractionated heparin, both, or neither started during endovascular treatment in patients with ischaemic stroke.

Improvements in Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Longitudinal Study in the MR CLEAN Registry.

Background: We evaluated data from all patients in the Netherlands who underwent endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in the past 3.5 years, to identify nationwide trends in time to treatment and procedural success, and assess their effect on clinical outcomes.

Methods: We included patients with proximal occlusions of the anterior circulation from the second and first cohorts of the MR CLEAN (Multicenter Randomized Clinical trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands) Registry (March 2014 to June 2016; June 2016 to November 2017, respectively).

Hydropic Ear Disease: Correlation Between Audiovestibular Symptoms, Endolymphatic Hydrops and Blood-Labyrinth Barrier Impairment.

To investigate the correlation between clinical features and MRI-confirmed endolymphatic hydrops (EH) and blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) impairment. Retrospective cross-sectional study. Vertigo referral center (Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands).

Effectiveness of endolymphatic duct blockage versus endolymphatic sac decompression in patients with intractable Ménière's disease: study protocol for a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Outcomes of surgery for Ménière's disease (MD) remain discordant. Recently, a new surgical procedure in which the endolymphatic duct is clipped was proposed. To date, only one prospective trial assessing this technique was published, yielding promising results.

Overshunting-Related Cervical Myelopathy Causing Progressive Gait Disturbance: A Case Report.

A complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting is overdrainage or overshunting of cerebrospinal fluid, which can cause formation of hygroma but in rare cases also cervical myelopathy at a later stage. In this article, we describe a very late complication of VP shunting. We present a 75-year-old man, previously given a VP shunt at the age of 46, who developed a progressive gait disturbance and ataxia of the limbs after 27 years.

Deep learning for the fully automated segmentation of the inner ear on MRI.

Segmentation of anatomical structures is valuable in a variety of tasks, including 3D visualization, surgical planning, and quantitative image analysis. Manual segmentation is time-consuming and deals with intra and inter-observer variability. To develop a deep-learning approach for the fully automated segmentation of the inner ear in MRI, a 3D U-net was trained on 944 MRI scans with manually segmented inner ears as reference standard.

Circulating angiopoietin-2 and angiogenic microRNAs associate with cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive decline in older patients reaching end-stage renal disease.

Background: The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing worldwide, with the majority of new ESRD cases diagnosed in patients >60 years of age. These older patients are at increased risk for impaired cognitive functioning, potentially through cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Novel markers of vascular integrity may be of clinical value for identifying patients at high risk for cognitive impairment.

[A child with inexplicable alteration of consciousness].

A 4-year-old girl presented with an alteration of consciousness and absence of speech after a short period of vomiting, diarrhoea and fever. MRI of the brain revealed a focal lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum. Rotavirus was detected in the faeces.

Patterns and characteristics of cognitive functioning in older patients approaching end stage kidney disease, the COPE-study.

Background: The prevalence of impaired cognitive functioning in older patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) is high. We aim to describe patterns of memory, executive function or psychomotor speed and to identify nephrologic, geriatric and neuroradiologic characteristics associated with cognitive impairment in older patients approaching ESKD who have not yet started with renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Methods: The COPE-study (Cognitive Decline in Older Patients with ESRD) is a prospective cohort study including 157 participants aged 65 years and older approaching ESKD (eGFR ≤20 ml/min/1.

Association of cardiovascular structure and function with cerebrovascular changes and cognitive function in older patients with end-stage renal disease.

The Dutch prospective multicenter cohort study COPE (Cognitive decline in Older Patients with End stage renal disease) aimed to investigate the association of cardiovascular structure and function with cerebrovascular changes and cognitive function in 85 older patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4 and 5, awaiting either dialysis or conservative care. MRI was performed measuring aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) and cardiac systolic function (ejection fraction and cardiac index). Outcomes were MRI-derived cerebrovascular changes (microbleeds, lacunes and white matter hyperintensities) and cognitive function (memory, executive function and psychomotor speed).

The Cognitive decline in Older Patients with End stage renal disease (COPE) study - rationale and design.

Background: Older patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) are at increased risk for cognitive decline, but detailed studies of the magnitude of cognitive decline on dialysis or comprehensive conservative management (CCM) are lacking and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have poorly been studied.

Objectives: To describe the rationale and design of the COPE study. Study objectives are as follows.

Chest CT examinations in patients presenting with acute chest pain: a pictorial review.

Acute chest pain (ACP) is one of the most common presenting symptoms at the emergency department. The differential diagnosis is vast. To exclude life-threatening causes, radiologists encounter an increasing amount of thoracic computed tomography (CT) examinations including CT angiography of the heart and great vessels.

Sustained cardiac remodeling after a short-term very low calorie diet in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

A very low calorie diet (VLCD) results in cardiac remodeling and improved diastolic function. It is unknown how long these effects sustain after reintroduction of a regular diet. We aimed to assess the long-term effects of initial weight loss by VLCD on cardiac dimensions and function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Effects of short-term nutritional interventions on right ventricular function in healthy men.

Background: A physiological model of increased plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels result in myocardial triglyceride (TG) accumulation, which is related to cardiac dysfunction. A pathophysiological model of increased plasma NEFA levels result in hepatic steatosis, which has been linked to abnormal myocardial energy metabolism. Hepatic steatosis is accompanied by hepatic inflammation, reflected by plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) levels.

Exercise and type 2 diabetes mellitus: changes in tissue-specific fat distribution and cardiac function.

Purpose: To prospectively assess the effects of an exercise intervention on organ-specific fat accumulation and cardiac function in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants, and the study protocol was approved by the medical ethics committee. The study followed 12 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (seven men; mean age, 46 years ± 2 [standard error]) before and after 6 months of moderate-intensity exercise, followed by a high-altitude trekking expedition with exercise of long duration.

Metabolic imaging of human kidney triglyceride content: reproducibility of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of renal proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for quantification of triglyceride content and to compare spectral quality and reproducibility without and with respiratory motion compensation in vivo.

Materials And Methods: The Institutional Review Board of our institution approved the study protocol, and written informed consent was obtained. After technical optimization, a total of 20 healthy volunteers underwent renal proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the renal cortex both without and with respiratory motion compensation and volume tracking.

Dietary modulation of plasma angiopoietin-like protein 4 concentrations in healthy volunteers and in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) has been identified as an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase. Preliminary data suggest that plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) raise plasma ANGPTL4 concentrations in humans.

Objective: The objective was to assess plasma ANGPTL4 concentrations after various nutritional interventions that increase NEFA concentrations in healthy subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Case of spontaneous regression of carotid body tumor in a SDHD mutant: a discussion on potential mechanisms based on a review of the literature.

Background: Head and neck paragangliomas are tumors associated with the parasympathetic nerve system and typically show an indolent growth pattern. Therefore a conservative management strategy is considered in selected cases.

Methods And Results: We present a case of a female patient who presented in 2003 with bilateral carotid body tumors and a tympanic tumor, associated with a mutation in the succinate dehydrogenase -sub-unit-D (SDHD).

Oit1/Fam3D, a gut-secreted protein displaying nutritional status-dependent regulation.

Oncoprotein-induced transcript 1 (Oit1) was previously identified as a dietary fat-induced gene in the small intestine of C57Bl/6J mice. In this study, we further characterized Oit1 and its human ortholog family with sequence similarity 3, member D (Fam3D), on the messenger RNA as well as the protein level. Oit1 and Fam3D were found to be predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract of mice and humans, respectively.