Sustainability and Equity in Urban Development (S&EUD): A Content Analysis of "Bright Spots" from the Accelerating City Equity (ACE) Project.

Sustainable and equitable urban development (S&EUD) is vital to promote healthy lives and well-being for all ages. Recognizing equity as core to urban development is essential to ensure that cities are inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. The aim of this study was to identify and assess the elements of equity and sustainability in exemplary bright spots using the ACE Framework and the United Nations' 5 Ps of Sustainable Development.

Validation and real-world clinical application of an artificial intelligence algorithm for breast cancer detection in biopsies.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease worldwide, with over 2.26 million new cases in 2020. Its diagnosis is determined by a histological review of breast biopsy specimens, which can be labor-intensive, subjective, and error-prone.

Urban Climate Policy and Action through a Health Lens-An Untapped Opportunity.

Motivated by a growing recognition of the climate emergency, reflected in the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP26), we outline untapped opportunities to improve health through ambitious climate actions in cities. Health is a primary reason for climate action yet is rarely integrated in urban climate plans as a policy goal. This is a missed opportunity to create sustainable alliances across sectors and groups, to engage a broad set of stakeholders, and to develop structural health promotion.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain in intrauterine growth restriction.

Objective: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a sensitive method for assessing brain maturation and detecting brain lesions, providing apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values as a measure of water diffusion. Abnormal ADC values are seen in ischemic brain lesions, such as those associated with acute or chronic hypoxia. The aim of this study was to assess whether ADC values in the fetal brain were different in fetuses with severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) compared with normal controls.

Quantitative Shear-Wave Elastography of the Liver in Preterm Neonates with Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction.

The feasibility and reproducibility of liver stiffness measurements using Supersonic Shear-wave Imaging (SSI) in preterm neonate have not been reported. Our aim was to determine if liver stiffness differs between intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) preterm infants with/without cholestasis. We measured liver stiffness (in kPa) in 45 AGA and 18 IUGR preterm infants, and assessed reproducibility in 26 preterms using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman tests.

Chronic urinary obstruction: evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR urography for measurement of split renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate if measurement of split renal function ( SRF split renal function ) with dynamic contrast material-enhanced ( DCE dynamic contrast enhanced ) magnetic resonance (MR) urography is equivalent to that with renal scintigraphy ( RS renal scintigraphy ) in patients suspected of having chronic urinary obstruction.

Materials And Methods: The study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the coordinating center on behalf of all participating centers. Informed consent was obtained from all adult patients or both parents of children.

Extracranial carotid arteriopathy in stroke-free children with sickle cell anemia: detection by submandibular Doppler sonography.

Background: Cerebral vasculopathy is a serious complication of sickle cell anemia. Overt strokes are largely due to intracranial arteriopathy, detected by routine transcranial Doppler and largely prevented through chronic transfusions. As extracranial internal carotid artery arteriopathy was considered rare, it has not been routinely assessed in sickle cell anemia.

Apparent diffusion coefficient measurements of the fetal brain during the third trimester of pregnancy: how reliable are they in clinical practice?

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reproducibility, the inter-hemispheric difference and the reference apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the fetal brain according to gestational age.

Method: One hundred and one normal fetal brain (29.4-38.

Prenatal pelvic MRI: additional clues for assessment of urogenital obstructive anomalies.

Objective: Ultrasound prenatal evaluation of pelvic cystic mass can be challenging. After having ruled out a cloaca anterior to a large hydrocolpos, it is important to differentiate between combined urogenital anomalies such as urogenital sinus and isolated genital anomalies.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the charts of 13 women referred for a third trimester pelvic MRI for cystic pelvic mass discovered in second trimester ultrasound.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with posteromedial translation: radiologic evaluation with a 3D low-dose system.

Purpose: Computed tomography can be used for three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients, but at the expense of high radiation exposure, and with the limitation of being performed in the supine position. These drawbacks can now be avoided with low-dose stereoradiography, even in routine clinical use. The purpose of this study was to determine the 3D postoperative correction of AIS patients treated by posteromedial translation.

Reliability of cervical lordosis and global sagittal spinal balance measurements in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Study Design: Radiological reproducibility study.

Purpose: To assess intra and interobserver reliability of radiographic measurements for global sagittal balance parameters and sagittal spine curves, including cervical spine. Sagittal spine balance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a main issue and many studies have been reported, showing that coronal and sagittal deformities often involve sagittal cervical unbalance.

Spectrum of temporal bone abnormalities in patients with Waardenburg syndrome and SOX10 mutations.

Background And Purpose: Waardenburg syndrome, characterized by deafness and pigmentation abnormalities, is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, consisting of 4 distinct subtypes and involving several genes. SOX10 mutations have been found both in types 2 and 4 Waardenburg syndrome and neurologic variants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate both the full spectrum and relative frequencies of inner ear malformations in these patients.

[Antibiotic therapy of bone and joint infections in children: recent changes].

Management of bone and joint infections in children associates early appropriate antibiotic therapy against Staphylococcus aureus and Kingella kingae and, if necessary, surgical drainage of abscess or septic arthritis. In 2007, the Paediatric Infectious Diseases Group of the French Society of Paediatrics (GPIP) proposed guidelines for antibiotherapy in acute and non-complicated cases, with an intravenous therapy during 4 to 7 days followed by oral therapy during 3 weeks.

Brain iron levels in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot MRI study.

Objective: Brain iron deficiency has been supposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Available studies assessing iron in ADHD are based on serum ferritin, a peripheral marker of iron status. To what extent serum ferritin correlates with brain iron (BI) is unclear.

Lessons learnt from two pediatric motor vehicle accidents resulting in anal canal, rectal and gluteal muscle wrenching.

Ano-rectal trauma is common in motor vehicle accidents involving children. Inadequate initial assessment of the extent of lesions may be life threatening. We describe two cases where children were struck by buses that subsequently rolled over them in the prone position, resulting in ano-rectal and gluteal muscle wrenching.

In vivo assessment of experimental neonatal excitotoxic brain lesion with USPIO-enhanced MR imaging.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced with ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) for assessing excitotoxic brain lesions in an experimental model of neonatal periventricular white matter (PWM) lesions.

Materials And Methods: Brain lesions were induced by intracerebral injection of ibotenate in 14 newborn rats. Pre- and post-USPIO T2-weighted MRI was performed in seven of them (group A) and in five control newborns (group C).

Resistance to leptin-replacement therapy in Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy: an immunological origin.

Context: Recently, in a 4-month proof-of-concept trial, beneficial metabolic effects were reported in non-diabetic children with Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL); this information prompted us to hypothesize that long-term leptin-replacement therapy might improve or reverse the early complications of the disease in these patients.

Patients And Methods: A 28-month trial was implemented in eight patients. Efficacy assessment was based on a decrease in serum triglyceride concentrations, and/or a decrease in liver volume and/or an increase in insulin sensitivity of at least 30% respectively.