The spin move to facilitate antegrade coronoid fixation in terrible triad injuries.

Background: The role of the coronoid process in elbow instability has been established. When necessary, coronoid fixation can be challenging. Placing fixation perpendicular to the fracture requires achieving a trajectory as close as possible to the midline axis of the proximal ulna, either from anterior to posterior or vice versa.

Impact of restricted visitation policies during COVID-19 on critically ill adults, their families, critical care clinicians, and decision-makers: a qualitative interview study.

Purpose: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, restricted visitation policies were enacted at acute care facilities to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and conserve personal protective equipment. In this study, we aimed to describe the impact of restricted visitation policies on critically ill patients, families, critical care clinicians, and decision-makers; highlight the challenges faced in translating these policies into practice; and delineate strategies to mitigate their effects.

Method: A qualitative description design was used.

Evidence-informed consensus statements to guide COVID-19 patient visitation policies: results from a national stakeholder meeting.

Purpose: Hospital policies forbidding or limiting families from visiting relatives on the intensive care unit (ICU) has affected patients, families, healthcare professionals, and patient- and family-centered care (PFCC). We sought to refine evidence-informed consensus statements to guide the creation of ICU visitation policies during the current COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics and to identify barriers and facilitators to their implementation and sustained uptake in Canadian ICUs.

Methods: We created consensus statements from 36 evidence-informed experiences (i.

A Modified Delphi Process to Prioritize Experiences and Guidance Related to ICU Restricted Visitation Policies During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Unlabelled: To create evidence-based consensus statements for restricted ICU visitation policies to support critically ill patients, families, and healthcare professionals during current and future pandemics.

Design: Three rounds of a remote modified Delphi consensus process.

Setting: Online survey and virtual polling from February 2, 2021, to April 8, 2021.

Restricted visitation policies in acute care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

Background: Restricted visitation policies in acute care settings because of the COVID-19 pandemic have negative consequences. The objective of this scoping review is to identify impacts of restricted visitation policies in acute care settings, and describe perspectives and mitigation approaches among patients, families, and healthcare professionals.

Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Healthstar, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on January 01/2021, unrestricted, for published primary research records reporting any study design.

Impact of restricted visitation policies in hospitals on patients, family members and healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Flexible visitation policies in hospitals are an important component of care that contributes to reduced stress and increased satisfaction among patients and their family members. Early evidence suggests restricted visitation policies enacted in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic are having unintended consequences on patients, family members and healthcare providers. There is a need for a comprehensive summary of the impacts of restricted visitation policies on key stakeholders and approaches to mitigate that impact.

An environmental scan of visitation policies in Canadian intensive care units during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: In response to the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2, hospitals in Canada enacted temporary visitor restrictions to limit the spread of COVID-19 and preserve personal protective equipment supplies. This study describes the extent, variation, and fluctuation of Canadian adult intensive care unit (ICU) visitation policies before and during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of Canadian hospital visitation policies throughout the first wave of the pandemic.

Atypical presentation of fulminant primary central nervous system angiitis.

Background: Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System (PACNS) is a rare cause of CNS vasculitis that should be included as part complete differential diagnosis, especially in cases with suggestive imaging findings and an absence of secondary causes for CNS vasculitis.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 47-year-old previously healthy Caucasian male presenting with rapid progression of encephalopathy and fevers. Extensive infectious, autoimmune, and imaging workups were unrevealing.

Orthopaedic Watercraft Injuries: Characterization of Mechanisms, Fractures, and Complications in 216 Injuries.

Objective: To review the orthopaedic injuries from watercraft treated surgically at our institution and report the mechanisms, fractures, and complications encountered.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Level I trauma center.

Postpartum spontaneous coronary, vertebral, and mesenteric artery dissections: a case report.

Background: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare cause of myocardial infarction that must always be considered on a clinician's differential diagnosis, particularly in patients <50-years old with a paucity of typical vascular risk factors.

Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 33-year-old white woman, 3 weeks postpartum, presenting with retrosternal chest and back pain, neck pain and stiffness, and intermittent headaches. Subsequent workup revealed concurrent spontaneous dissections in three separate medium-sized arterial beds.

Transition of historial tube flaps to free flap for 2-stage total knee arthroplasty in a patient with a history of Gustilo grade IIIB tibia fracture.

We report the case of a 56-year-old patient who had posttraumatic bilateral knee arthritis and underwent sequential bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The left knee joint required 2-stage reconstruction: a free flap for enhanced soft-tissue coverage and then left knee TKA. Uniquely, at age 16 years this patient sustained a left tibia grade IIIB high-energy crush injury in a car crash and underwent reconstruction with multiple pedicle tube flaps and transfer of soft tissues.

Premorbid and current neuropsychological function in opiate abusers receiving treatment.

Background: There is an established corpus of evidence linking substance abuse with neuropsychological impairment, particularly implicating frontal lobe functions. These could potentially be premorbid to, rather than consequences of, direct effects of substance abuse.

Methods: A matched pairs design was employed in which currently abstinent opiate abusers in treatment were matched to 22 healthy control individuals.

Higher or lower? The functional anatomy of perceived allocentric social hierarchies.

The perception and judgement of social hierarchies forms an integral part of social cognition. Hierarchical judgements can be either self-referential or allocentric (pertaining to two or more external agents). In psychiatric conditions such as dissocial personality disorder and schizophrenia, the impact of hierarchies may be problematic.

Neurobehavioural and cognitive function is linked to childhood trauma in homeless adults.

Objectives: To describe levels of traumatic childhood events in a sample of homeless individuals and to assess the contribution of traumatic events to neurobehavioural traits (measured with the Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale, FrSBe) and general cognitive function (IQ).

Design: A sample of 55 homeless adults was recruited from homeless services in the city of Sheffield, UK. All were interviewed to acquire substance misuse information, record experiences of childhood trauma, and assess cognitive and neurobehavioural traits.

Evidence of mnemonic ability selectively affecting truthful and deceptive response dynamics.

In the executive model of deception, the telling of a lie necessitates the inhibition of a veridical prepotent response (the truth), and such inhibition incurs a temporal penalty, manifest as a longer response time. If memory processes are engaged in generating such truths, then memory function should affect truthful and deceptive response times. To investigate this we examined the relationship between performance on a semantic knowledge deception task and a test of verbal memory in 40 college students.

The functional anatomical distinction between truth telling and deception is preserved among people with schizophrenia.

Background: A recently emergent functional neuroimaging literature has described the functional anatomical correlates of deception among healthy volunteers, most often implicating the ventrolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. To date, there have been no such imaging studies of people with severe mental illness.

Aims: To discover whether the brains of people with schizophrenia would manifest a similar functional anatomical distinction between the states of truthfulness and deceit.

If brain scans really detected deception, who would volunteer to be scanned?

Recent neuroimaging studies investigating the neural correlates of deception among healthy people, have raised the possibility that such methods may eventually be applied during legal proceedings. Were this so, who would volunteer to be scanned? We report a "natural experiment" casting some light upon this question. Following broadcast of a television series describing our team's investigative neuroimaging of deception in 2007, we received unsolicited (public) correspondence for 12 months.

A neuroanatomical basis for the frequency of discrete spontaneous activities in schizophrenia.

Limited behavioural repertoire impacts quality of life in chronic schizophrenia. We have previously shown that the amount of movement exhibited by patients with schizophrenia is positively correlated with the volume of left anterior cingulate cortex and that this quantity of movement can be increased by modafinil. However, increased movement in itself may be of limited clinical significance.

Can pharmacology help enhance human morality?

A responsible person, a moral agent, takes account of their future behaviour and its likely impact upon others. Such an agent may choose to influence their future by exogenous means. If so, might pharmacology help them to do this? Is it doing so already? I argue that it is.

Looking for truth and finding lies: the prospects for a nascent neuroimaging of deception.

Lying is ubiquitous and has acquired many names. In 'natural experiments', both pathological lying and truthfulness implicate prefrontal cortices. Recently, the advent of functional neuroimaging has allowed investigators to study deception in the non-pathological state.

Response of pyromania to biological treatment in a homeless person.

Pyromania has been associated with abnormalities of impulsivity, social estrangement, cognitive flexibility, and executive function. We aim to investigate whether psychopharmacological interventions increase cognitive test performance and decrease frequency of serious clinical incidents during inpatient admission for pyromania. This is a case study of a 20-year-old homeless male who met DSM-IV criteria for pyromania.

Time perspective, depression, and substance misuse among the homeless.

Using the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI; P. G. Zimbardo & J.

Speaking of secrets and lies: the contribution of ventrolateral prefrontal cortex to vocal deception.

Behavioural and functional anatomical responses exhibited by humans support the hypothesis that deception involves the prefrontal executive. Functional neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (among other areas) is activated during lying, compared with telling the truth. However, despite some consistencies discernible across studies, problems remain concerning experimental validity, e.

'Munchausen's syndrome by proxy' or a 'miscarriage of justice'? An initial application of functional neuroimaging to the question of guilt versus innocence.

'Munchausen's syndrome by proxy' characteristically describes women alleged to have fabricated or induced illnesses in children under their care, purportedly to attract attention. Where conclusive evidence exists the condition's aetiology remains speculative, where such evidence is lacking diagnosis hinges upon denial of wrong-doing (conduct also compatible with innocence). How might investigators obtain objective evidence of guilt or innocence? Here, we examine the case of a woman convicted of poisoning a child.

A systematic review of cognition in homeless children and adolescents.

Objectives The cognitive function of homeless children and adolescents may be overlooked, albeit understandably, when societal interventions focus on their immediate housing needs. Nevertheless, homelessness might be hypothesized to carry many risks for the developing mind and brain. We wanted to discover whether this hypothesis had been tested previously.