Protocol for the sonogenetic stimulation of mouse brain by non-invasive ultrasound.

Manipulating specific neural activity by targeted ultrasound intervention is a powerful method to gain causal insight into brain functions and treat brain disorders. The technique of sonogenetics enables controlling of cells that are genetically modulated with ultrasound-sensitive ion channels. Here, we detail the preparations, surgical procedures, ultrasound stimulation process, and simultaneous electromyogram (EMG) measurement necessary for successful sonogenetic stimulation in mice.