Driver behavior and the use of automation in real-world driving.

Background: The emergence of partial-automation in consumer vehicles is reshaping the driving task, the driver role, and subsequent driver behavior. When using partial-automation, drivers delegate the operational control of the dynamic driving task to the automation system, while remaining responsible for monitoring, object/event detection, response selection, and execution. Hence, driving has become a collaboration between driver and automation systems that is characterized by dynamic Transfers of Control (TOC).

Automated Driving System Collisions: Early Lessons.

Objective: This research evaluated Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) involved collisions to identify factors relevant to future ADS research and development.

Background: Rapidly developing ADSs promise improved safety, among other benefits. Properly applied collision research can inform ADS development, to minimize future collisions.

Glass half-full: On-road glance metrics differentiate crashes from near-crashes in the 100-Car data.

Background: Much of the driver distraction and inattention work to date has focused on concerns over drivers removing their eyes from the forward roadway to perform non-driving-related tasks, and its demonstrable link to safety consequences when these glances are timed at inopportune moments. This extensive literature has established, through the analyses of glance from naturalistic datasets, a clear relationship between eyes-off-road, lead vehicle closing kinematics, and near-crash/crash involvement.

Objective: This paper looks at the role of driver expectation in influencing drivers' decisions about when and for how long to remove their eyes from the forward roadway in an analysis that consider the combined role of on- and off-road glances.

Conversation effects on neural mechanisms underlying reaction time to visual events while viewing a driving scene: fMRI analysis and asynchrony model.

This neuroimaging study investigated the neural mechanisms of the effect of conversation on visual event detection during a driving-like scenario. The static load paradigm, established as predictive of visual reaction time in on-road driving, measured reaction times to visual events while subjects watched a real-world driving video. Behavioral testing with twenty-eight healthy volunteers determined the reaction time effects from overt and covert conversation tasks in this paradigm.

Semantic effects in naming perceptual identification but not in delayed naming: implications for models and tasks.

Previous research has demonstrated that the subjective danger and usefulness of words affect lexical decision times. Usually, an interaction is found: Increasing danger predicts faster reaction times (RTs) for words low on usefulness, but increasing danger predicts slower RTs for words high on usefulness. The authors show the same interaction with immediate auditory naming.

Recognition of spoken words: semantic effects in lexical access.

Until recently most models of word recognition have assumed that semantic auditory naming effects come into play only after the identification of the word in question. What little evidence exists for early semantic effects in word recognition lexical decision has relied primarily on priming manipulations using the lexical decision task, and has used visual stimulus presentation. The current study uses semantics auditory stimulus presentation and multiple experimental tasks, and does not use priming.