Cognitive behavioral digital therapeutic effects on distress and quality of life in patients with cancer: National randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Cancer-specific psychological interventions like cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) demonstrate distress (e.g., anxiety/depression) and quality of life (QoL) benefits.

A randomized clinical trial testing digital mindset intervention for knee osteoarthritis pain and activity improvement.

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of short, digital interventions in improving physical activity and pain for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. We compared a digital mindset intervention, focusing on adaptive mindsets (e.g.

Changing cancer mindsets: A randomized controlled feasibility and efficacy trial.

Objective: A cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment can disrupt the full spectrum of physical, social, emotional, and functional quality of life. But existing psychological treatments are focused primarily on specific psychological symptoms as opposed to improving the overall patient experience. We studied the feasibility and efficacy of a novel digital intervention targeting patient mindsets-core assumptions about the nature and meaning of illness-designed to improve overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in newly diagnosed cancer patients undergoing treatment with curative intent.

Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Reaction/Adjustment Disorders and Their Associations with Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs Among Newly Diagnosed Patients With Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the United States. Newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer often experience anxiety, depression, and stress. However, the impact of psychological distress on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs has not been adequately assessed.

Incremental Health Care Costs of Anxiety and Depression Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Cancer.

Purpose: Mental health comorbidities are commonplace among patients with cancer and have been associated with adverse health outcomes and elevated health care costs. Given the rapidly evolving cancer care landscape, an updated understanding of the prevalence and costs of mental health conditions among patients with cancer is needed. This study assessed the incremental costs of anxiety and depression among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.

Multimorbidity and Its Associations With Anxiety and Depression Among Newly Diagnosed Patients With Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study in a US Commercially Insured and Medicare Advantage Population.

Background: Multimorbidity is common in patients with breast cancer, thus increasing the complexity of cancer care and economic burden, worsening their prognosis and quality of life. The prevalence of multimorbidity and its influence on psychological distress among patients with breast cancer have not been well characterized.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of multimorbidity and its associations with anxiety and depression among newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer.

Association of illness mindsets with health-related quality of life in cancer survivors.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between mindsets-established, but mutable beliefs that a person holds-and health-related quality of life in survivors of breast and gynecologic cancer.

Method: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted with breast and gynecologic cancer survivors. Measures included the Illness Mindset Questionnaire and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G).

Making sense of a pandemic: Mindsets influence emotions, behaviors, health, and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rationale: As the SARS-COV-2 virus spread across the world in the early months of 2020, people sought to make sense of the complex and rapidly evolving situation by adopting mindsets about what the pandemic was and what it meant for their lives.

Objective: We aimed to measure the mindsets of American adults over the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic to understand their relative stability over time and their relationship with emotions, behaviors, experiences, and wellbeing.

Methods: American adults (N = 5,365) were recruited in early March of 2020 to participate in a longitudinal survey with follow-up surveys at 6-weeks and 6-months.

Effect of Open-label Placebo on Children and Adolescents With Functional Abdominal Pain or Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Although it is widely believed that concealment or deception is required to elicit a placebo response, recent studies with adults suggest that open-label placebo (OLP) (ie, honestly prescribed placebos) can yield significant benefits. No studies of OLP have been performed with children.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of OLP for the treatment of children and adolescents with functional abdominal pain or irritable bowel syndrome.

Mindset is associated with future physical activity and management strategies in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Despite the benefits of physical activity for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), physical activity levels are low in this population.

Objectives: We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study to compare mindset about physical activity among individuals with and without KOA and to investigate whether mindset relates to physical activity.

Methods: Participants with (n = 150) and without (n = 152) KOA completed an online survey at enrollment (T1).

Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response.

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a massive global health crisis. Because the crisis requires large-scale behaviour change and places significant psychological burdens on individuals, insights from the social and behavioural sciences can be used to help align human behaviour with the recommendations of epidemiologists and public health experts. Here we discuss evidence from a selection of research topics relevant to pandemics, including work on navigating threats, social and cultural influences on behaviour, science communication, moral decision-making, leadership, and stress and coping.

What constitutes a 'successful' recovery? Patient perceptions of the recovery process after a traumatic injury.

Background: As the number of patients surviving traumatic injuries has grown, understanding the factors that shape the recovery process has become increasingly important. However, the psychosocial factors affecting recovery from trauma have received limited attention. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study to better understand how patients view recovery after traumatic injury.

Targeting Mindsets, Not Just Tumors.

Mindsets - core assumptions about the nature and workings of things in the world - are a critical but relatively understudied variable that can influence mental and physical health in patients with cancer. Precise, targeted psychological interventions aimed at instilling adaptive mindsets have the potential to transform supportive care in oncology.

Implementation Challenges Using a Novel Method for Collecting Patient-Reported Outcomes After Injury.

Background: Monitoring longitudinal patient-reported outcomes after injury is important for comprehensive trauma care. Current methodologies are resource-intensive and struggle to engage patients.

Materials And Methods: Patients ≥18 y old admitted to the trauma service were prospectively enrolled.

Mindsets Matter: A New Framework for Harnessing the Placebo Effect in Modern Medicine.

The clinical utility of the placebo effect has long hinged on physicians deceptively administering an objective placebo treatment to their patients. However, the power of the placebo does not reside in the sham treatment itself; rather, it comes from the psychosocial forces that surround the patient and the treatment. To this end, we propose a new framework for understanding and leveraging the placebo effect in clinical care.

Efficacy and Safety of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors, and Placebo for Common Psychiatric Disorders Among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Depressive disorders (DDs), anxiety disorders (ADs), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common mental disorders in children and adolescents.

Objective: To examine the relative efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and placebo for the treatment of DD, AD, OCD, and PTSD in children and adolescents.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database from inception through August 7, 2016.

Side effects can enhance treatment response through expectancy effects: an experimental analgesic randomized controlled trial.

In randomized controlled trials, medication side effects may lead to beliefs that one is receiving the active intervention and enhance active treatment responses, thereby increasing drug-placebo differences. We tested these hypotheses with an experimental double-blind randomized controlled trial of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with and without the addition of atropine to induce side effects. One hundred healthy volunteers were told they would be randomized to either combined analgesics that might produce dry mouth or inert placebos.