Commending rather than condemning: Moral elevation and stigma for male veterans with military sexual trauma.

Background: Using an experimental study, we examined the link between state moral elevation and stigmatic beliefs surrounding male veterans with military sexual trauma (MST).

Methods: Undergraduate students were presented with a video or written narrative of a male veteran self-disclosing how they struggled with and overcame MST (n = 292). Participants completed measures regarding trait and demographic characteristics at baseline, then measures immediately after the disclosure stimulus to assess immediate elevation and stigma-related reactions.

Subscales of the in Community Dwelling Older Adults - Relations to Clinical and Cognitive Measures.

One major obstacle to the diagnosis and treatment of specific phobias in later life is the lack of assessment tools that are relevant to the fears of older adults. This study investigated the utility of five reliable subscales (Blood/Injury, Agoraphobia, Aggression, Animal/Insect, Social Fears) derived from the , a popular measure of phobic fear, in discriminating older from younger participants. The sample was comprised of 81 younger and 61 older adults who completed self-report measures of anxiety and depression and neuropsychological tests.

Comparison of two protocols for pulseless cardiopulmonary arrest: vasopressin combined with epinephrine versus epinephrine alone.

Introduction: Survival from pulseless cardiac arrest typically is dismal. Some suggest that adding vasopressin to epinephrine as a cardiovascular stimulant can improve outcomes.

Problem: This study compares survival outcomes using epinephrine verses vasopressin and epinephrine in persons with pulseless cardiac arrest.

Posttraumatic stress and aggression among veterans in long-term care.

Because stresses associated with long-term care settings may exacerbate distress and aggression related to past trauma, we investigated self-report and staff reports of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and staff observations of verbal and physical aggression in 32 elderly males who were patients in a long-term care unit for veterans. Feelings of anger and irritability were reported by 47% of patients; levels of anger and irritability were significantly correlated with observed aggressive behaviors (r = 0.43, P < .

Comparative outcomes of two distance-based interventions for male caregivers of family members with dementia.

Data are presented on a preliminary study investigating the efficacy of 2 distance-based psychosocial interventions (N = 32) for male family dementia caregivers. Male caregivers were randomly assigned to either a basic education intervention (ie, educational booklet and biweekly check-in telephone calls) or a video intervention (ie, set of 10 videos, an accompanying workbook, and weekly telephone coaching sessions using behavioral strategies to manage challenging caregiving situations). Results did not support the greater efficacy of the video condition in reducing psychosocial distress (eg, negative affect, upset and annoyance following behavior problems) or increasing positive affect or caregiving self-efficacy.

Mixed anxiety and depression in older adults: clinical characteristics and management.

The frequent comorbidity of anxiety and depression, particularly among elderly, is widely recognized by clinicians, but the debate continues as to whether the combined diagnostic designation is merited. This article reviews the debate over the mixed diagnosis, discusses treatment implications, and reviews a small treatment study undertaken with elderly patients. Ten community-dwelling, older adults diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and subsyndromal depression (n = 6) or generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder (n = 4) were started on a 12-week, open-label trial of nefazodone.

Anxiety disorders in older adults.

Recent epidemiologic surveys indicate that anxiety disorders in older adults are more common than previously believed. Despite this, knowledge regarding the clinical characteristics of anxiety disorders in elderly patients is emerging slowly. In addition, detection of anxiety symptoms in elders is complicated by several factors, including a confounding of symptom picture by high medical comorbidity, frequent use of multiple prescribed and over-the-counter medications, difficulty of differentiating anxiety from depression, and a tendency of some older adults to resist psychiatric evaluation.