A nozzle simulation chip toward high-throughput formation of curcumin-loaded zein nanoparticles with tunable properties.

Size of nanoparticle (NP) is a crucial factor in determining its applicability to various fields. This study aimed to develop a nozzle chip for the scalable formation of self-assembled curcumin-loaded zein NPs with tunable properties. A four-factor (zein concentration in dispersed phase, ethanol concentration in continuous phase, flow rate ratio, and total flow rate), three-level Box-Behnken design on the measured responses (particle size and polydispersity index [PDI]) was established.