Insights into heat treatments of biodegradable Mg-Y-Nd-Zr alloys in clinical settings: Unveiling roles of β' and β nanophases and latent in vivo hydrogen evolution.

Heat treatment serves as a viable strategy to effectively mitigate the intense corrosion of biodegradable WE43 alloys. However, limited comprehension of the passivation mechanisms underlying heat treatment and the dilemma to quantitatively examine the evolution of hydrogen gas in vivo introduce uncertainties in designing heat treatments for developing clinically applicable WE43. This work aims to advance this knowledge by applying cutting-edge atom probe tomography to provide atomic-scale insights into the passivation roles of rare earth (RE)-rich β (Mg(Y, Nd)) and β' (MgNdY) nanophases induced by T6 heat treatment at 250 °C, and employing machine learning-based image analysis techniques to quantitatively unveil WE43's in vivo gas evolution during a 12-week implantation.

Clinical management of active bleeding: what the emergency radiologist needs to know.

Active bleeding is a clinical emergency that often requires swift action driven by efficient communication. Extravasation of intravenous (IV) contrast on computed tomography (CT) is a hallmark of active hemorrhage. This can be seen on exams performed for a variety of indications and can occur anywhere in the body.

Pre-hospital emergency medicine: a spectrum of imaging findings.

The goal of emergency medical services (EMS) is to provide urgent medical care and stabilization prior to patient transport to a healthcare facility for definitive treatment. The number and variety of interventions performed in the field by EMS providers continues to grow as early management of severe injuries and critical illness in the pre-hospital setting has been shown to improve patient outcomes. The sequela of many field interventions, including those associated with airway management, emergent vascular access, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), patient immobilization, and hemorrhage control may be appreciated on emergency department admission imaging.

Parastomal hernia repairs: A nationwide cohort study in the Republic of Ireland.

Background: In the context of improving colorectal cancer outcomes, post-survivorship quality of life has become an important outcome measure. Parastomal hernias and their associated morbidity remain largely under-reported and under-appreciated. Despite their burden, conservative management is common.

Minimally Invasive and Open Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background And Objectives: Optimal surgical management for gastric cancer remains controversial. We aimed to perform a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing outcomes after open gastrectomy (OG), laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy (LAG), and robotic gastrectomy (RG) for gastric cancer.

Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases was undertaken.

Small Bowel Obstruction Secondary to Migration of a Fractured Esophageal Stent.

Esophageal stent placement is commonly indicated for the management of inoperable esophageal malignancies, benign strictures, and esophageal perforations including Boerhaave's syndrome. We present a case of a 74-year-old female, who presented with small bowel obstruction secondary to a migrated esophageal stent, which was placed 20 weeks previously for Boerhaave's syndrome. She was surgically managed with laparotomy and retrieval of the fractured stent with local resection of the small bowel, followed by primary anastomosis.

In vivo performance of a rare earth free Mg-Zn-Ca alloy manufactured using twin roll casting for potential applications in the cranial and maxillofacial fixation devices.

A magnesium alloy containing essential, non-toxic, biodegradable elements such as Ca and Zn has been fabricated using a novel twin-roll casting process (TRC). Microstructure, mechanical properties, in vivo corrosion and biocompatibility have been assessed and compared to the properties of the rare earth (RE) element containing WE43 alloy. TRC Mg-0.

Quality and reliability evaluation of current Internet information regarding mesh use in inguinal hernia surgery using HONcode and the DISCERN instrument.

Introduction: Mesh-related complications following pelvic prolapse surgery has potentiated societal fear and led to increased investigation into mesh use in inguinal hernia repair (IHR) surgery online. However concern exists regarding the quality of Internet health informatics. The DISCERN Instrument and HONcode  tool can be used to assess the quality and reliability of online health information.

In Vivo Evaluation of Bioabsorbable Fe-35Mn-1Ag: First Reports on In Vivo Hydrogen Gas Evolution in Fe-Based Implants.

This work investigates the influence of Ag (1 wt%) on the mechanical properties, in vitro and in vivo corrosion, and biocompatibility of Fe-35Mn. The microstructure of Fe-35Mn-1Ag possesses a uniform dispersion of discrete silver particles. Slight improvements in compressive properties are attributed to enhanced density and low porosity volume.

Late biliary endoclip migration after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Case report and literature review.

Introduction: Although formerly considered a rarity, biliary endoclip-related complications are being diagnosed with increasing frequencies. Among these, migration of endoclip into the common bile duct (CBD) is a rare encounter that usually presents in the first two years after surgery.

Presentation Of Case: This case demonstrates a late biliary endoclip migration after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Imaging Findings of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 850 Patients.

Rationale And Objectives: Children with COVID-19 seem to have a relatively milder disease and better prognosis; however, severe disease or death could still occur in this age group. Although the knowledge on the clinical and epidemiology of COVID-19 in pediatric patients is being accumulated rapidly, relevant comprehensive review on its radiological manifestations is still lacking. The present article reviews the radiological characteristics of COVID-19 in pediatrics, based on the previous studies.

Characterization of all-terrain vehicle-related thoracolumbar spine injury patterns in children using the AOSpine classification system.

Purpose: To evaluate thoracolumbar spine injury patterns, demographics, and clinical characteristics in pediatric patients following all-terrain vehicle-related trauma.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients 0-17 years old admitted to a level I trauma center following an ATV-related incident from 2004 to 2013 was performed. Thoracolumbar spine injury patterns, accident mechanism, driver/passenger status, and demographic and clinical data were compared between patients with and without a spine injury.

The Prospects for Biodegradable Zinc in Wound Closure Applications.

Zinc is identified as a promising biodegradable metal along with magnesium and iron. In the last 5 years, considerable progress is made on understanding the mechanical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of zinc and its alloys. A majority of these studies have focused on using zinc for absorbable cardiovascular and orthopedic device applications.

Absorbable Mg surgical tack: Proof of concept &in situ fixation strength.

A prototype magnesium (Mg) surgical tack is tested comparatively against commercially available tacks made of titanium (ProTack, Medtronic) and PLGA (AbsorbaTack, Medtronic). The pull-out force is measured in situ in a lap-shear pull-out test, using porcine abdominal muscle tissue as a model. The Mg tack had a pull-out force comparable to those of the commercially available tacks.

Characterization of all-terrain vehicle-related chest injury patterns in children.

Purpose: To evaluate chest injury patterns in pediatric patients involved in all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accidents.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients 0-18 years old admitted to a level I trauma institute following an ATV-related incident from 2004 to 2013 was performed. Chest injury type, accident mechanism, driver/passenger status, and demographic and clinical data were compared between patients with and without chest injury.

Alvin Weinberg and the Promotion of the Technological Fix.

The term technological fix, coined by technologist/administrator Alvin Weinberg in 1965, vaunted engineering innovation as a generic tool for circumventing problems commonly conceived as social, political, or cultural. A longtime Director of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, government consultant, and essayist, Weinberg also popularized the term big science to describe national goals and the competitive funding environment after the Second World War. Big science reoriented towards technological fixes, he argued, could provide a new "Apollo project" to address social problems of the future.

Vaunting the independent amateur: Scientific American and the representation of lay scientists.

This paper traces how media representations encouraged enthusiasts, youth and skilled volunteers to participate actively in science and technology during the twentieth century. It assesses how distinctive discourses about scientific amateurs positioned them with respect to professionals in shifting political and cultural environments. In particular, the account assesses the seminal role of a periodical, Scientific American magazine, in shaping and championing an enduring vision of autonomous scientific enthusiasms.

The influence of two common sterilization techniques on the corrosion of Mg and its alloys for biomedical applications.

This paper studied the influence of two common sterilization techniques, ethylene oxide (EO) and gamma irradiation (GI), on the corrosion rate of four Mg-based materials in CO -bicarbonate buffered Hanks' solution. The four materials were: high-purity (HP)-Mg, ZE41, ultra-high purity (XHP)-Mg, and XHP-ZX00. The corrosion rate was measured through mass loss (P ) and hydrogen evolution (P ).

Idiopathic chylous ascites simulating acute appendicitis: A case report and literature review.

• A rare case of idiopathic chylous ascites in a young female is reported. The management and outcome with long term follow up were discussed. • The variable nature of presentation of chylous ascites necessitates high index of suspicion.

Incidence of Port-Site Hernias: A Survey and Literature Review.

Background: The impact of laparoscopy on the prevalence of incisional hernias remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine (1) surgeon perceptions of port-site hernias (PSHs), (2) the true incidence of PSH.

Materials And Methods: A survey on PSH was given to determine the surgeon-reported rate of PSH.

PTENpred: A Designer Protein Impact Predictor for PTEN-related Disorders.

Connecting a genotype with a phenotype can provide immediate advantages in the context of modern medicine. Especially useful would be an algorithm for predicting the impact of nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene for PTEN, a protein that is implicated in most human cancers and connected to germline disorders that include autism. We have developed a protein impact predictor, PTENpred, that integrates data from multiple analyses using a support vector machine algorithm.

The Impact of Geniculate Artery Collateral Circulation on Lower Limb Salvage Rates in Injured Patients.

Background: This study aimed to determine the association between geniculate artery flow on admission computed tomography (CT) angiography and limb salvage outcomes in patients with lower extremity arterial injury.

Methods: All injured patients at a level I trauma center with CT angiogram (CTA) confirmed limited or no flow to the tibial vessels were included. Demographics, injury severity score (ISS), mechanism of injury, physiological parameters, the presence of geniculate artery collateral circulation (superior medial, superior lateral, medial, inferior medial, inferior lateral), and 30-day limb salvage outcome were recorded.

Conformational stability and catalytic activity of PTEN variants linked to cancers and autism spectrum disorders.

Phosphoinositides are membrane components that play critical regulatory roles in mammalian cells. The enzyme PTEN, which catalyzes the dephosphorylation of the phosphoinositide PIP3, is damaged in most sporadic tumors. Mutations in the PTEN gene have also been linked to autism spectrum disorders and other forms of delayed development.