Not enough: Medicaid expansion, medical debt, and cost avoidance in rural American Indian and Alaska Native households.

Purpose: Despite expanding health insurance coverage under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), many Americans struggle with financial barriers to health care. Medicaid expansion was meant to help alleviate these barriers, particularly for rural communities, but has shown mixed results. The American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) community, which faces both racial and geographic disparities, is a group that should benefit from Medicaid expansion.

Education and Financial Knowledge in Health-Related Financial Decisions.

The high cost of health care in the United States creates complex decisions where suboptimal choices may negatively affect an individual's physical and financial health. The challenge for patients is that the complex nature of health-related financial decisions requires specialized knowledge to avoid these suboptimal choices. While the benefits of improved health literacy are well documented, the connection between health care and household finances may mean that there is a role for education and financial knowledge in improving outcomes.

Falling Short: Examining Medical Debt and Cost Avoidance in American Indian and Alaska Native Households.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded access and assistance to many Americans, but health care remains prohibitively expensive for some, including people with insurance. The COVID-19 pandemic brought to the forefront the precarious conditions of those facing financial and health crises, including American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs). Theoretically, AI/ANs should have some insulation because of their health care access through Indian Health Service (IHS) and ACA Tribal health insurance options.

Hyperthermia, Thermal Injuries, and Death from a Forced Convection Heat Source: A Case Report and Experimental Model.

Heat-related deaths of children are most often encountered in the context of enclosed vehicles in summer months. Deviating from this, a 16-month-old boy was found unresponsive in a stroller that was placed adjacent to a space heater during mid-winter. The cause of death was hyperthermia and thermal injuries.

Pharmacology of selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: implications for use in Alzheimer's disease.

Cholinesterase inhibitors vary in their selectivity for acetylcholinesterase versus butyrylcholinesterase. We examined several cholinesterase inhibitors and assessed the relative role of acetylcholinesterase versus butyrylcholinesterase inhibition in central and peripheral responses to these medications. Donepezil and icopezil are highly selective for acetylcholinesterase, whereas tacrine and heptylphysostigmine demonstrated greater potency for butyrylcholinesterase over acetylcholinesterase.