Fentanyl-Related Substance Use Patterns, Morbidity, and Mortality Among Adolescents and Young Adults: Implications for Behavioral Health Services Research.

This commentary discusses best practices for responding to fentanyl-related overdose deaths in adolescents and young adults, and it outlines the current state of knowledge about them. Various types of approaches to fentanyl-related overdoses in this age group may need to be developed based on the different risk factors that are emerging from the existing data. We describe the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) behavioral health services research priorities connected with fentanyl-related overdoses in youth.

Prevalence and Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Conduct Problems in US Children.

Objectives: To use the latest data to estimate the prevalence and correlates of currently diagnosed depression, anxiety problems, and behavioral or conduct problems among children, and the receipt of related mental health treatment.

Study Design: We analyzed data from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) to report nationally representative prevalence estimates of each condition among children aged 3-17 years and receipt of treatment by a mental health professional. Parents/caregivers reported whether their children had ever been diagnosed with each of the 3 conditions and whether they currently have the condition.

Age-related trends in psychotropic medication use among very young children in foster care.

Objectives: The specific objectives were to investigate changes in the prevalence of psychotropic medication use for each year increase in age from three to six years old among children in foster care and to examine time-varying odds of longer duration of use by each year of age.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of data on mental health and pharmacy services was conducted for 1,491 children age six and younger who were in foster care in 2010 and had at least 365 days in foster care during 2009-2011. A total of 178 children received at least one psychotropic medication from 2009 through 2011.

A phenomenological case study of communication between clinicians about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder assessment.

Introduction: Communication between clinicians related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessment is challenging because it involves a number of individuals. While the communication process might be more efficient if these individuals worked together, research on ADHD-specific collaborative care models is scarce. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the parties with whom prescribers communicate and how they collaborate.

Olfactory transport: a direct route of delivery of inhaled manganese phosphate to the rat brain.

Experiments examining the dosimetry of inhaled manganese generally focus on pulmonary deposition and subsequent delivery of manganese in arterial blood to the brain. Growing evidence suggests that nasal deposition and transport along olfactory neurons represents another route by which inhaled manganese is delivered to certain regions of the rat brain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the olfactory uptake and direct brain delivery of inhaled manganese phosphate ((54)MnHPO(4)).