Pectoralis Major Muscle Belly Repair in a Young Male Adult: A Case Report.

Case: A 29-year-old man sustained a near-complete laceration to the left pectoralis major muscle belly. The muscle and epimysium were repaired using the Kragh technique-a combination of running interlocked and Mason-Allen stitches. At the 6-year follow-up, the patient had an excellent outcome as measured by clinical scores (Short Form Survey-36, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Score), bench press, cosmesis, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Hemiarthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures in the Elderly: A Comparison of Cemented and Uncemented Femoral Stems.

The incidence of displaced femoral neck fractures among elderly patients is increasing as the population ages.Historically, the preferred treatment for displaced femoral neck fractures in elderly patients has been hemiarthroplasty with use of cemented fixation of the implant. However, there is evidence that this technique may be associated with fat embolization and subsequent cardiopulmonary arrest in the early postoperative period.

Understanding Nail Gun Injuries in Orthopedics: Mechanisms and Treatment.

Nail gun injuries are common among users, and most frequently involve the hands and lower extremities. A wide variation in costs and time are missed from work due to these injuries, and training on the proper use of nail guns has been shown to decrease workplace-related injuries. Minimal long-term disability can be expected, and orthopedic evaluations provide an opportunity to inform patients on proper use of these devices.

Summarizing performance for genome scale measurement of miRNA: reference samples and metrics.

Background: The potential utility of microRNA as biomarkers for early detection of cancer and other diseases is being investigated with genome-scale profiling of differentially expressed microRNA. Processes for measurement assurance are critical components of genome-scale measurements. Here, we evaluated the utility of a set of total RNA samples, designed with between-sample differences in the relative abundance of miRNAs, as process controls.

Energy Transfer Mechanisms during Molecular Delivery to Cells by Laser-Activated Carbon Nanoparticles.

Previous studies have shown that exposure of carbon black nanoparticles to nanosecond pulsed near-infrared laser causes intracellular delivery of molecules through hypothesized transient breaks in the cell membrane. The goal of this study is to determine the underlying mechanisms of sequential energy transfer from laser light to nanoparticle to fluid medium to cell. We found that laser pulses on a timescale of 10 ns rapidly heat carbon nanoparticles to temperatures on the order of 1200 K.

Poloxamer surfactant preserves cell viability during photoacoustic delivery of molecules into cells.

Efficient intracellular delivery of molecules is needed to modulate cellular behavior for laboratory and medical applications, but is often limited by trade-offs between achieving high intracellular delivery and maintaining high cell viability. Here, we studied photoacoustic delivery of molecules into cells by exposing DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells to nanosecond laser pulses in the presence of carbon black nanoparticles. Under strong laser exposure conditions, less than 30% of cells were viable and exhibited uptake.

Efficient intracellular delivery of molecules with high cell viability using nanosecond-pulsed laser-activated carbon nanoparticles.

Conventional physical and chemical methods that efficiently deliver molecules into cells are often associated with low cell viability. In this study, we evaluated the cellular effects of carbon nanoparticles believed to emit photoacoustic waves due to nanosecond-pulse laser activation to test the hypothesis that this method could achieve efficient intracellular delivery while maintaining high cell viability. Suspensions of DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells, carbon black (CB) nanoparticles, and calcein were exposed to 5-9 ns long laser pulses of near-infrared (1064 nm wavelength) light and then analyzed by flow cytometry for intracellular uptake of calcein and cell viability by propidium iodide staining.

Fatal bupivacaine intoxication following unusual erotic practices.

A fatal drug overdose is described which involved unusual erotic practices. A 54-year-old male was discovered supine on the floor surrounded by sexual paraphernalia, syringes, and medications including three empty bottles of bupivacaine. Acute and chronic injection sites of the external genitalia with contusions, scarring, focal necrosis, and calcification were present at autopsy.