Planned and unplanned drinking to get drunk: A registered report examining willingness, drinking motives, and protective behavioral strategies using ecological momentary assessment.

Objective: We examined alcohol use and consequences across five categories of same-day drinking intentions and willingness and tested whether same-day motives and protective strategies predicted differences in outcomes across categories of intentions and willingness.

Method: In a 14-week ecological momentary assessment design, undergraduate student participants (N = 196) reported drinking intentions and behaviors over 13 surveys weekly (four morning surveys [Thursday through Sunday]; three midday, early, and late evening surveys [Thursday through Saturday]). On average, participants were 20.

Personality and Alcohol Use across College: Examining Context-Dependent Pathways toward Alcohol Problems.

Background: College life is characterized by marked increases in alcohol consumption. Extraversion and neuroticism are associated with alcohol use problems in college and throughout adulthood, each with alcohol use patterns consistent with an externalizing and internalizing pathway respectively. Students higher in extraversion drink more frequently and consume more alcohol, while neuroticism is paradoxically not consistently associated with elevated alcohol use.

Perinatal versus adult loss of ULK1 and ULK2 distinctly influences cardiac autophagy and function.

Impairments in macroautophagy/autophagy, which degrades dysfunctional organelles as well as long-lived and aggregate proteins, are associated with several cardiomyopathies; however, the regulation of cardiac autophagy remains insufficiently understood. In this regard, ULK1 and ULK2 are thought to play primarily redundant roles in autophagy initiation, but whether their function is developmentally determined, potentially having an impact on cardiac integrity and function remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that perinatal loss of ULK1 or ULK2 in cardiomyocytes (cU1-KO and cU2-KO mice, respectively) enhances basal autophagy without altering autophagy machinery content while preserving cardiac function.

Sex-specific microhabitat use is associated with sex-biased thermal physiology in lizards.

If fitness optima for a given trait differ between males and females in a population, sexual dimorphism may evolve. Sex-biased trait variation may affect patterns of habitat use, and if the microhabitats used by each sex have dissimilar microclimates, this can drive sex-specific selection on thermal physiology. Nevertheless, tests of differences between the sexes in thermal physiology are uncommon, and studies linking these differences to microhabitat use or behavior are even rarer.

Update in the Treatment of Chronic Pain within Pediatric Patients.

Pediatric chronic pain is a challenging entity to evaluate and treat as it encompasses a wide variety of presentations often with overlapping psychosocial implications. Chronic pain may have significant effects upon a child's involvement in academic, athletic, and social participation. If unrecognized, it may have deleterious effects upon family interactions and stability.

The delivered promise of prenatal imaging and a challenge to the utility of sildenafil for severe lymphatic malformations.

We report the case of an infant with severe lymphatic malformation necessitating ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure and examine recent advances in high resolution ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging, which allow for improved prenatal diagnosis of lesions that cause critical airway obstruction in the neonate. Treatments for lymphatic malformations including surgical resection, sclerotherapy, coblation, and sildenafil are discussed. Our patient did not have any reduction in the size of the lymphatic malformation from sildenafil as suggested in another series.

Tertiary amine and N-heterocyclic carbene coordinated haloalanes--synthesis, structure, and application.

The preparation of several tertiary amine and N-heterocyclic carbene coordinated chloro- and bromoalanes has been studied and routes to their gram-scale synthesis optimized. This provides a catalogue of well-characterized, thermally stable haloalanes for future application. All complexes have been investigated by spectroscopy (IR, NMR) and, where possible, single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure determination.

Hydride-bromide exchange at an NHC-a new route to brominated alanes and gallanes.

The reaction of [MH(3)(Quinuclidine)] (M = Al or Ga) with an air stable dibrominated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) affords the hydride-bromide exchange product [MBr(2)H(NHC)].

Bulky triazenide complexes of alumino- and gallohydrides.

The sterically bulky triazenes DitopN(3)(H)pTol, DitopN(3)(H)Mes, DmpN(3)(H)pTol and DmpN(3)(H)Mes, where Ditop = 2,6-di-p-tolylphenyl, Dmp = 2,6-dimesitylphenyl, pTol = p-MeC(6)H(4) and Mes = 2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2), have been prepared. The reactivity of these triazenide precursors with LiAlH(4) and, in the cases of DmpN(3)(H)pTol and DmpN(3)(H)Mes, LiGaH(4), with diethyl ether as the solvent, has been examined. All reactions were undertaken in a 1:1 ratio giving rise to a variety of aluminium and gallium complexes that either incorporate LiH with a metal to triazenide ratio of 1:1 or generate 'LiH-free' aluminohydrides with aluminium to triazenide ratios of 1:1 or 1:2 dependant on triazenide bulk.

The synthesis of a dichloroalane complex and its reaction with an alpha-diimine.

Reaction of an alpha-diimine, {MesN=CH}2 (Mes=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), with the dichloroalane [AlCl2H(IMes)] (IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) affords an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) transfer complex [AlCl2{MesNC(=IMes)C(H)NMes}] rather than the expected hydroalumination product.