Effects of non-digestible carbohydrates on gut microbiota and microbial metabolites: a randomised, controlled dietary intervention in healthy individuals.

The gut microbiome is impacted by certain types of dietary fibre. However, the type, duration and dose needed to elicit gut microbial changes and whether these changes also influence microbial metabolites remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of supplementing healthy participants with two types of non-digestible carbohydrates (resistant starch (RS) and polydextrose (PD)) on the stool microbiota and microbial metabolite concentrations in plasma, stool and urine, as secondary outcomes in the Dietary Intervention Stem Cells and Colorectal Cancer (DISC) Study.

Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer Risk Decrease 6 months After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery.

Purpose: The impact of weight loss on obesity-related colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is not well defined. Previous studies have suggested that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery may have an unexpected adverse impact on CRC risk. This study aimed to investigate the impact of RYGB on biomarkers of CRC risk.

Changes in physical activity after bariatric surgery: using objective and self-reported measures.

Background: Many studies using self-reported physical activity (PA) assessment tools have suggested there is an increase in PA after bariatric surgery.

Objectives: Our aim was to assess PA and sedentary behavior before bariatric surgery and at 6 months after, using subjective and objective tools.

Setting: Bariatric surgery candidates were recruited from a single center.

The Effects of Bariatric Procedures on Bowel Habit.

Background: Bariatric procedures are increasingly being used to combat the rising obesity epidemic. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of these interventions on bowel habit.

Methods: We recruited obese adults listed for a bariatric procedure.

The effects of bariatric surgery on colorectal cancer risk: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Obesity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) but the effects of bariatric surgery on CRC incidence are uncertain. A systematic review of six electronic databases identified 3691 articles. Four observational studies met our inclusion criteria and results were pooled using a random effects model.

DNA methylation of ESR-1 and N-33 in colorectal mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Introduction: Epigenetic marking such as DNA methylation influence gene transcription and chromosomal stability and may also be affected by environmental exposures. Few studies exist on alteration in DNA methylation profiles (genomic and gene specific methylation) in patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and no studies exist that assess its relationship with lifestyle exposures.

Results: The methylation level of both ESR-1 and N-33 genes were significantly higher in UC subjects compared with controls (7.

Differential antineoplastic effects of butyrate in cells with and without a functioning DNA mismatch repair.

The aim of this study was to investigate the differential antineoplastic effects of butyrate in cells with and without a functional mismatch repair and to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. SW48 colon cancer cells in which the MLH1 gene is silenced by promoter hypermethylation and demethylated SW48 cells in which the MLH1 gene is reexpressed were treated with butyrate (0-5mM) for 8 days and the effects on cell number, MLH1 gene promoter methylation, and expression of two cell cycle regulatory genes, CDK4 and GADD45A, were assessed. Butyrate suppressed viable cell number (P < 0.

Role of self-expanding metallic stents in the management of malignant obstruction of the proximal colon.

Purpose: Expandable metal stents have been shown to be effective in the management of malignant large-bowel obstruction. However, right colonic lesions account for less than 5% of all reported cases of colonic stenting. This study was performed to determine the outcomes following stenting for lesions proximal to the splenic flexure.