Comparative studies of skeletal muscle proteome and transcriptome profilings between pig breeds.

Two genetically different pig breeds, the Korean native pig (KNP) and the Western meat-producing Landrace, show breed-specific traits in stress responsiveness (stress hormone levels), growth performance (live weight), and meat quality (intramuscular fat content). We analyzed expression levels within the proteome and transcriptome of the longissimus muscles of both breeds using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and microarray analysis. We constructed a porcine proteome database focused mainly on mitochondrial proteins.

The micronucleus frequency in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes of cattle in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant.

Cytogenetic and hematological analyses were performed on the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) obtained from Korean native cattle bred in the vicinity of three nuclear power plants (Wolsong, Uljin and Yeonggwang) and in a control area. The micronucleus (MN) rates for the cattle from the Wolsong, Uljin and Yeonggwang nuclear power plants and for the control area were 9.87 +/- 2.

Antiinflammatory activity of an herbal preparation (HemoHIM) in rats.

This study evaluated a new herbal preparation, HemoHIM, for its antiinflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced edema, the formation of granulation tissues by cotton pellet and experimental colitis by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). The HemoHIM was prepared by adding its ethanol-insoluble polysaccharide fraction to the total water extract of Angelica Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma and Paeonia Radix. The preparation (4 mg of solids/mL of drinking water, p.

In Vivo radioprotective effect of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and identification of active ginsenosides.

This study evaluated the effect of water extracts of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (PG), panaxadiol (PD), panaxatriol (PT), ginsenoside Rb(1), Rb(2), Rc, Rd, Re and Rg(1) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells in gamma-irradiated mice.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin activates ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in RAW 264.7 cells.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a widespread environmental contaminant, exposure to it eliciting a broad spectrum of deleterious pathophysiological effects. Since mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways appear to play an important role in both cell survival and the apoptotic process, we assessed the effects of TCDD on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAPKs and caspase-3 in RAW 264.7 cells.

A cytogenetic study of Korean native goat bred in the nuclear power plant using the micronucleus assay.

Cytogenetic and hematological analysis was performed on the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) obtained from Korean native goats bred in two nuclear power plants (Wolsong and Uljin) and a control area. The frequencies of gamma-ray-induced micronuclei (MN) in the cytokinesis-blocked (CB) lymphocytes at several doses were measured in three Korean native goats. The measurements performed after irradiation showed dose-related increases in the MN frequency in each of the donors.

Somatostatin down-regulates LFA-1 activation by modulating Rap1 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is one of the integrins that are expressed on the leukocytes, and has been shown to play an important role in leukocyte trafficking. The adhesive activity of LFA-1 is governed partially by the Rap1. This study examined that the relationship between LFA-1 and Rap1 mRNA expressions by anti-CD3 and anti-CD3+SOM treatment in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

Somatostatin controls LFA-1 gene expression by altering neuraminidase expression in spleen cells.

This study investigated whether neuraminidase (Neu) affects LFA-1 mRNA expression in spleen cells and whether somatostatin (SOM) and substance P (SP) treatment induce changes in the Neu mRNA expression level in spleen cells. Neu treatments down-regulated the LFA-1 mRNA levels after culturing for 2 h. SOM increased the Neu mRNA level slightly after 24-h culture and strongly after 48-h culture.

Regulation of leukocyte function-associated antigen 1-mediated adhesion by somatostatin and substance P in mouse spleen cells.

Background: Interaction of the integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 (CD11a/CD18) with its ligands, the intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM)-1, -2, and -3 (CD54, CD102, and CD50), is pivotal to many leukocyte adhesion events.

Method: To define the mechanism of the movement of leukocytes to the inflammatory site by somatostatin (SOM) and substance P (SP), we examined the expression of the adhesion molecule LFA-1 and inside-out signals for integrins, protein kinase C (PKC), Ras, Rap1, and phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase, in anti-CD3-, anti-CD3+SOM-, anti-CD3+SP-stimulated or unstimulated spleen cells.

Results: SOM caused down-regulation of LFA-1 mRNA translation as well as of adhesion-stimulating molecules such as Rap1, Ras, and PI 3-kinase.

Teratological studies of prenatal exposure of mice to a 20 kHz sawtooth magnetic field.

In order to evaluate the importance of gestational age in possible effects due to exposure to a 20 kHz sawtooth magnetic field, pregnant ICR mice at gestational 2.5-15.5 days post-coitus, which is the most sensitive stage for the induction of major congenital malformations, were exposed in a carrousel irradiator.

Dose-incidence relationships on the prenatal effects of gamma-radiation in mice.

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate dose-incidence relationships on the prenatal effects of gamma-radiation. Pregnant ICR mice were exposed on day 11.5 after conception, coincident with the most sensitive stage for the induction of major congenital malformations, with 0.

Measurement of micronuclei by cytokinesis-block method in human, cattle, goat, pig, rabbit, chicken and fish peripheral blood lymphocytes irradiated in vitro with gamma radiation.

The frequencies of gamma-ray-induced micronuclei (MN) in cytokinesis-blocked (CB) lymphocytes at several doses were measured in three donors of seven species (human, cattle, goat, pig, rabbit, chicken, fish). Measurements performed after irradiation showed a dose-related increases in MN frequency in each of the donors of human, cattle, goat, pig and rabbit. The relative sensitivity of cattle, goat, pig and rabbit in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) compared with human PBLs was estimated by best fitting linear-quadratic model based on the radiation-induced MN data over the range from 0 cGy to 400 cGy.

Effects of benzo[alpha]pyrene, 2-bromopropane, phenol and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on IL-6 production in mice after single or repeated exposure.

Altered IL-6 production regulation is associated with the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, lymphoid malignancies, chronic infectious processes and certain types of autoimmune conditions. Here, we examine the effects of pollutants on IL-6 levels in mice serum and in culture supernatants of spleen cells. Mice were treated with vehicles (PBS or olive oil), benzo[alpha]pyrene (B[alpha]P, 100 mg/kg body weight), 2-bromopropane (2-BP, 3.

Effects of benzo[a]pyrene, 2-bromopropane, phenol and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on proinflammatory cytokines gene expression by mice spleen cells.

The detrimental effects of environmental pollutants on the health of the individual are generally accepted, although the mechanisms of these effects remain to be incompletely understood. In the present study, we examined the effects of B[a]P, 2-BP, phenol and TCDD on proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in mice spleen cells which were stimulated with anti-CD3. 10(-9)M TCDD increased IFNgamma and TNFalpha gene expression, but suppressed IL-1 gene expression.

Apoptosis in growing hair follicles following gamma-irradiation and application for the evaluation of radioprotective agents.

The usefulness of apoptotic fragments assay for investigating the radiation response of hair follicles and evaluation of radioprotective agents was examined in ICR mice. The extent of changes following 100 cGy (1000 cGy/min) was studied at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 hours after exposure. The maximal frequency was found 12 hours after exposure.

Modification of radiation response in mice by ginsenosides, active components of Panax ginseng.

We performed this study to determine the effect of extract of whole ginseng and ginsenosides (total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high- and low-doses of gamma-radiation. The radioprotective effect of ginseng was compared with the effect of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC). The jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment with extract of whole ginseng (i.

The radioprotective effects of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang: a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine.

We evaluated the effect of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang, a prescription of traditional Oriental medicine, and its major ingredients on protection of the intestine and hematopoietic organs against radiation damage in this study. The jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells were investigated in mice irradiated with high and low doses of gamma-rays. bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang administration before irradiation protected the jejunal crypts (p < 0.

Protective effect of ginsenosides, active ingredients of Panax ginseng, on kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampus.

Ginsenosides are known to attenuate glutamate-induced cell injuries in vitro. We investigated the in vivo effect of ginsenosides on kainic acid (KA)-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampus using the methods of acid fuchsin (AF) staining and heat-shock protein-70 (HSP-70) immunoreactivity to detect neuronal death and stress, respectively. Pretreatment of ginsenosides (50 or 100 mg/kg for 7 days) via intraperitoneal (i.